PlantTFDB - Plant Transcription Factor Database @ CBI, PKU

cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; Caryophyllales; Chenopodiaceae; Chenopodioideae; Anserineae; Spinacia

Family

bHLH

Protein Properties

Length: 532aa MW: 58683.9 Da PI: 6.3879

Description

bHLH family protein

Gene Model

Gene Model ID	Type	Source	Coding Sequence
Sp_045300_rgzh.t1	genome	TBVR	View CDS

Signature Domain? help Back to Top

No.	Domain	Score	E-value	Start	End	HMM Start	HMM End
1	HLH	37.5	4.3e-12	300	351	1	55
CHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHCTSCCC...TTS-STCHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CS HLH 1 rrrahnerErrRRdriNsafeeLrellPkaskapskKlsKaeiLekAveYIksLq 55 +r++h ++Er+RR+++N+ + Lr+l+P++ + + + a+i A+e++++L+ Sp_045300_rgzh.t1 300 QRMTHIAVERNRRKQMNEHLRVLRSLMPSS---YVHRGDQASIIGGAIEFVRELE 351 79**************************...9***************9995 PP

Protein Features ? help Back to Top

Database	Entry ID	E-value	Start	End	InterPro ID	Description
Gene3D	G3DSA:4.10.280.10	2.1E-13	298	354	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
CDD	cd00083	2.13E-13	298	355	No hit	No description
SuperFamily	SSF47459	3.66E-16	299	367	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
PROSITE profile	PS50888	14.951	299	350	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
Pfam	PF00010	1.9E-9	300	351	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
SMART	SM00353	1.2E-8	305	356	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
SuperFamily	SSF81995	3.92E-5	378	419	No hit	No description

Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term	GO Category	GO Description
GO:0010377	Biological Process	guard cell fate commitment
GO:0045597	Biological Process	positive regulation of cell differentiation
GO:0045893	Biological Process	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0051782	Biological Process	negative regulation of cell division
GO:0005634	Cellular Component	nucleus
GO:0046983	Molecular Function	protein dimerization activity

Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence Length: 532 aa Download sequence Send to blast
MQKEEKYAAA TGEFAANVNS CSSVLPNQSG SLPPYHQSQP QPQPQPQPQP QPQPQLQGDN 60 TIIEGSGSVM VDYMLNSPSA EIINNPSRTS YQEQQPLVVD EHNSNSSINC ISGGIPINAD 120 RTLSFADVMQ FADFGPKLGL DHFQQEKSHT TDHNIDPVYF LKFPVLSSNS HSHSHSHSHS 180 HSHSHSHMVA DHHGHGNTSS IHDDSNKSIT ERDEDGGFGD PFRERGYSYD HQQDDNNLSN 240 PVQLDFLSND ENLAGTGTGT GTGTGRVVGH NNNNNNKSSS SSSKRKRPRS IKTNEEVESQ 300 RMTHIAVERN RRKQMNEHLR VLRSLMPSSY VHRGDQASII GGAIEFVREL EQLLQCLESQ 360 KRRRLYGDSA SSTVLGVVQQ TPQLVQPQPQ PQPQPQPPPP PPPPPSQPPP MSMSMSAIGN 420 HELDPMGFAG GLLQEETAES KSCFADVEVK VLGFDALIKI LSRRRHGQLI KAIAALEDLH 480 FNILHTNITT IEQTVLYSFN VKVASEARFT AEDIATSVQQ IFTFIHANTN II

Sequence ? help Back to Top

Protein Sequence Length: 532 aa Download sequence Send to blast

MQKEEKYAAA TGEFAANVNS CSSVLPNQSG SLPPYHQSQP QPQPQPQPQP QPQPQLQGDN  60
TIIEGSGSVM VDYMLNSPSA EIINNPSRTS YQEQQPLVVD EHNSNSSINC ISGGIPINAD  120
RTLSFADVMQ FADFGPKLGL DHFQQEKSHT TDHNIDPVYF LKFPVLSSNS HSHSHSHSHS  180
HSHSHSHMVA DHHGHGNTSS IHDDSNKSIT ERDEDGGFGD PFRERGYSYD HQQDDNNLSN  240
PVQLDFLSND ENLAGTGTGT GTGTGRVVGH NNNNNNKSSS SSSKRKRPRS IKTNEEVESQ  300
RMTHIAVERN RRKQMNEHLR VLRSLMPSSY VHRGDQASII GGAIEFVREL EQLLQCLESQ  360
KRRRLYGDSA SSTVLGVVQQ TPQLVQPQPQ PQPQPQPPPP PPPPPSQPPP MSMSMSAIGN  420
HELDPMGFAG GLLQEETAES KSCFADVEVK VLGFDALIKI LSRRRHGQLI KAIAALEDLH  480
FNILHTNITT IEQTVLYSFN VKVASEARFT AEDIATSVQQ IFTFIHANTN II

Nucleic Localization Signal ? help Back to Top

No.	Start	End	Sequence
1	300	311	RMTHIAVERNRR
2	360	364	KRRRL

Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
UniProt	Transcription activator (PubMed:17088607, PubMed:17183265, PubMed:17183267). Together with MYB88 and MYB124, ensures that stomata contain just two guard cells (GCs) by enforcing a single symmetric precursor cell division before stomatal maturity (PubMed:24571519). Together with SPCH and MUTE, regulates the stomata formation. Required to promote differentiation and morphogenesis of stomatal guard cells and to halt proliferative divisions in their immediate precursors. Mediates the formation of stomata (PubMed:17088607, PubMed:17183265, PubMed:17183267). Prevents histone H3K27me3 marks and derepresses stem cell gene expression (PubMed:24654956). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17088607, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17183265, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17183267, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:24571519, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:24654956}.

Regulation -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
UniProt	INDUCTION: Inhibited by low relative humidity (LRH) via epigenetic CG methylation, thus leading to a reduced stomatal index. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:22442411}.

Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator	Target Gene
PlantRegMap	Retrieve	-

Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
Refseq	XP_021835277.1	0.0	transcription factor FAMA isoform X2
Swissprot	Q56YJ8	1e-121	FAMA_ARATH; Transcription factor FAMA
TrEMBL	A0A0K9RNW8	0.0	A0A0K9RNW8_SPIOL; Uncharacterized protein
STRING	XP_010673433.1	1e-171	(Beta vulgaris)

Best hit in Arabidopsis thaliana ? help Back to Top
Hit ID	E-value	Description
AT3G24140.1	6e-87	bHLH family protein

Publications ? help Back to Top
Skinner MK,Rawls A,Wilson-Rawls J,Roalson EH Basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene family phylogenetics and nomenclature. Differentiation, 2010. 80(1): p. 1-8 [PMID:20219281] Matos JL, et al. Irreversible fate commitment in the Arabidopsis stomatal lineage requires a FAMA and RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED module. Elife, 2015. [PMID:25303364] Chen L, et al. NRPB3, the third largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, is essential for stomatal patterning and differentiation in Arabidopsis. Development, 2016. 143(9): p. 1600-11 [PMID:26989174] Lee JH,Jung JH,Park CM Light Inhibits COP1-Mediated Degradation of ICE Transcription Factors to Induce Stomatal Development in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2017. 29(11): p. 2817-2830 [PMID:29070509] Han X, et al. Jasmonate Negatively Regulates Stomatal Development in Arabidopsis Cotyledons. Plant Physiol., 2018. 176(4): p. 2871-2885 [PMID:29496884] Li X,Yang R,Chen H The Arabidopsis thaliana Mediator subunit MED8 regulates plant immunity to Botrytis Cinerea through interacting with the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor FAMA. PLoS ONE, 2018. 13(3): p. e0193458 [PMID:29513733]