PlantTFDB - Plant Transcription Factor Database @ CBI, PKU

cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis

Family

bZIP

Protein Properties

Length: 285aa MW: 31377.4 Da PI: 10.9063

Description

bZIP family protein

Gene Model

Gene Model ID	Type	Source	Coding Sequence
AT4G35900.1	genome	TAIR	View CDS

Signature Domain? help Back to Top

No.	Domain	Score	E-value	Start	End	HMM Start	HMM End
1	bZIP_1	50.1	6.1e-16	216	267	5	56
CHHHCHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CS bZIP_1 5 krerrkqkNReAArrsRqRKkaeieeLeekvkeLeaeNkaLkkeleelkkev 56 +r +r++kNRe+A rsR+RK+a++ eLe +v+ L+aeN +Lk + ++lk + AT4G35900.1 216 RRHKRMIKNRESAARSRARKQAYTNELELEVAHLQAENARLKRQQDQLKMAA 267 699********************************************99655 PP

Protein Features ? help Back to Top

Database	Entry ID	E-value	Start	End	InterPro ID	Description
SMART	SM00338	6.3E-11	210	274	IPR004827	Basic-leucine zipper domain
PROSITE profile	PS50217	11.254	214	264	IPR004827	Basic-leucine zipper domain
SuperFamily	SSF57959	3.06E-11	216	264	No hit	No description
CDD	cd14707	2.32E-27	216	270	No hit	No description
Gene3D	G3DSA:1.20.5.170	2.0E-14	216	265	No hit	No description
Pfam	PF00170	1.8E-13	216	265	IPR004827	Basic-leucine zipper domain
PROSITE pattern	PS00036	0	219	234	IPR004827	Basic-leucine zipper domain

Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term	GO Category	GO Description
GO:0009911	Biological Process	positive regulation of flower development
GO:0045893	Biological Process	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:2000028	Biological Process	regulation of photoperiodism, flowering
GO:0005634	Cellular Component	nucleus
GO:0003700	Molecular Function	transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0043565	Molecular Function	sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0043621	Molecular Function	protein self-association

Plant Ontology ? help Back to Top
PO Term	PO Category	PO Description
PO:0000037	anatomy	shoot apex
PO:0000293	anatomy	guard cell
PO:0009009	anatomy	plant embryo
PO:0009010	anatomy	seed
PO:0009046	anatomy	flower
PO:0025022	anatomy	collective leaf structure
PO:0001078	developmental stage	plant embryo cotyledonary stage
PO:0001081	developmental stage	mature plant embryo stage
PO:0004507	developmental stage	plant embryo bilateral stage
PO:0007611	developmental stage	petal differentiation and expansion stage

Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence Length: 285 aa Download sequence Send to blast
MLSSAKHQRN HRLSATNKNQ TLTKVSSISS SSPSSSSSSS STSSSSPLPS QDSQAQKRSL 60 VTMEEVWNDI NLASIHHLNR HSPHPQHNHE PRFRGQNHHN QNPNSIFQDF LKGSLNQEPA 120 PTSQTTGSAP NGDSTTVTVL YSSPFPPPAT VLSLNSGAGF EFLDNQDPLV TSNSNLHTHH 180 HLSNAHAFNT SFEALVPSSS FGKKRGQDSN EGSGNRRHKR MIKNRESAAR SRARKQAYTN 240 ELELEVAHLQ AENARLKRQQ DQLKMAAAIQ QPKKNTLQRS STAPF

Expression -- Microarray ? help Back to Top
Source	ID	E-value
GEO	334187205	0.0
Genevisible	253108_at	0.0
Expression Atlas	AT4G35900	-
AtGenExpress	AT4G35900	-
ATTED-II	AT4G35900	-

Expression -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
Uniprot	TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Highly expressed in shoot apex. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16099979, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16099980, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:25661797}.

Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
TAIR	bZIP protein required for positive regulation of flowering. Mutants are late flowering. FD interacts with FT to promote flowering.Expressed in the shoot apex in floral anlagen, then declines in floral primordia.
UniProt	Transcription factor required for the transition to flowering promoted by FT. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16099979, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16099980}.

Function -- GeneRIF ? help Back to Top
FD, preferentially expressed in the shoot apex required for FT to promote flowering [PMID: 16099979] a complex of FT and FD proteins in turn can activate floral identity genes such as APETALA1 [PMID: 16099980] The specification of flower and inflorescence meristems requires the combined activities of FT-FD and STM. [PMID: 20937733] the early flowering allele of FLH requires the floral integrator FD to accelerate flowering. [PMID: 23667042] Floral repressor BFT delays flowering by competing with FT for FD binding under high salinity. [PMID: 23935007] (CPK6 and CPK33) are expressed in shoot apical meristem and directly interact with FD, suggesting they have redundant functions [PMID: 25661797] AcMFT from a non-flowering plant could interact with FD to regulate the floral transition and that this function was reduced due to the weakened ability of AcMFT-FD to activate the downstream gene AP1. [PMID: 27216814]

Cis-element ? help Back to Top
Source	Link
PlantRegMap	AT4G35900.1

Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator	Target Gene
PlantRegMap	Retrieve	Retrieve

Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Upstream Regulators) ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM	AT2G22540 (R), AT5G10140 (R)

Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Target Genes) ? help Back to Top
Source	Target Gene (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM	AT1G69120(A)

Interaction ? help Back to Top
Source	Intact With
BioGRID	AT4G35900
IntAct	Search Q84JK2

Phenotype -- Mutation ? help Back to Top
Source	ID
T-DNA Express	AT4G35900

Annotation -- Nucleotide ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
GenBank	AB105818	0.0	AB105818.1 Arabidopsis thaliana FD mRNA for bZIP transcription factor, complete cds, cultiva:Columbia.

Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
Refseq	NP_195315.3	0.0	Basic-leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor family protein
Swissprot	Q84JK2	0.0	FD_ARATH; Protein FD
TrEMBL	A0MFC3	1e-175	A0MFC3_ARATH; Uncharacterized protein (Fragment)
STRING	AT4G35900.1	0.0	(Arabidopsis thaliana)

Orthologous Group ? help Back to Top
Lineage	Orthologous Group ID	Taxa Number	Gene Number
Malvids	OGEM1934	27	72
Representative plant	OGRP8739	6	10

Link Out ? help Back to Top
Phytozome	AT4G35900.1
Entrez Gene	829744
iHOP	AT4G35900
wikigenes	AT4G35900

Publications ? help Back to Top
Riechmann JL, et al. Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes. Science, 2000. 290(5499): p. 2105-10 [PMID:11118137] Jakoby M, et al. bZIP transcription factors in Arabidopsis. Trends Plant Sci., 2002. 7(3): p. 106-11 [PMID:11906833] Bensmihen S, et al. The homologous ABI5 and EEL transcription factors function antagonistically to fine-tune gene expression during late embryogenesis. Plant Cell, 2002. 14(6): p. 1391-403 [PMID:12084834] Hepworth SR,Valverde F,Ravenscroft D,Mouradov A,Coupland G Antagonistic regulation of flowering-time gene SOC1 by CONSTANS and FLC via separate promoter motifs. EMBO J., 2002. 21(16): p. 4327-37 [PMID:12169635] Jack T Molecular and genetic mechanisms of floral control. Plant Cell, 2004. 16 Suppl: p. S1-17 [PMID:15020744] Michaels SD,Himelblau E,Kim SY,Schomburg FM,Amasino RM Integration of flowering signals in winter-annual Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 2005. 137(1): p. 149-56 [PMID:15618421] Abe M, et al. FD, a bZIP protein mediating signals from the floral pathway integrator FT at the shoot apex. Science, 2005. 309(5737): p. 1052-6 [PMID:16099979] Wigge PA, et al. Integration of spatial and temporal information during floral induction in Arabidopsis. Science, 2005. 309(5737): p. 1056-9 [PMID:16099980] Teper-Bamnolker P,Samach A The flowering integrator FT regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves. Plant Cell, 2005. 17(10): p. 2661-75 [PMID:16155177] Searle I, et al. The transcription factor FLC confers a flowering response to vernalization by repressing meristem competence and systemic signaling in Arabidopsis. Genes Dev., 2006. 20(7): p. 898-912 [PMID:16600915] Helliwell CA,Wood CC,Robertson M,James Peacock W,Dennis ES The Arabidopsis FLC protein interacts directly in vivo with SOC1 and FT chromatin and is part of a high-molecular-weight protein complex. Plant J., 2006. 46(2): p. 183-92 [PMID:16623882] Jaeger KE,Graf A,Wigge PA The control of flowering in time and space. J. Exp. Bot., 2006. 57(13): p. 3415-8 [PMID:17005922] Kobayashi Y,Weigel D Move on up, it's time for change--mobile signals controlling photoperiod-dependent flowering. Genes Dev., 2007. 21(19): p. 2371-84 [PMID:17908925] Alexandre CM,Hennig L FLC or not FLC: the other side of vernalization. J. Exp. Bot., 2008. 59(6): p. 1127-35 [PMID:18390846] Li C,Dubcovsky J Wheat FT protein regulates VRN1 transcription through interactions with FDL2. Plant J., 2008. 55(4): p. 543-54 [PMID:18433437] Castillejo C,Pelaz S The balance between CONSTANS and TEMPRANILLO activities determines FT expression to trigger flowering. Curr. Biol., 2008. 18(17): p. 1338-43 [PMID:18718758] Notaguchi M, et al. Long-distance, graft-transmissible action of Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T protein to promote flowering. Plant Cell Physiol., 2008. 49(11): p. 1645-58 [PMID:18849573] Koornneef M,Hanhart CJ,van der Veen JH A genetic and physiological analysis of late flowering mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol. Gen. Genet., 1991. 229(1): p. 57-66 [PMID:1896021] Greenup A,Peacock WJ,Dennis ES,Trevaskis B The molecular biology of seasonal flowering-responses in Arabidopsis and the cereals. Ann. Bot., 2009. 103(8): p. 1165-72 [PMID:19304997] Jang S,Torti S,Coupland G Genetic and spatial interactions between FT, TSF and SVP during the early stages of floral induction in Arabidopsis. Plant J., 2009. 60(4): p. 614-25 [PMID:19656342] Yant L,Mathieu J,Schmid M Just say no: floral repressors help Arabidopsis bide the time. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 2009. 12(5): p. 580-6 [PMID:19695946] Smith HM,Ung N,Lal S,Courtier J Specification of reproductive meristems requires the combined function of SHOOT MERISTEMLESS and floral integrators FLOWERING LOCUS T and FD during Arabidopsis inflorescence development. J. Exp. Bot., 2011. 62(2): p. 583-93 [PMID:20937733] D'Aloia M, et al. Cytokinin promotes flowering of Arabidopsis via transcriptional activation of the FT paralogue TSF. Plant J., 2011. 65(6): p. 972-9 [PMID:21205031] Pazhouhandeh M,Molinier J,Berr A,Genschik P MSI4/FVE interacts with CUL4-DDB1 and a PRC2-like complex to control epigenetic regulation of flowering time in Arabidopsis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2011. 108(8): p. 3430-5 [PMID:21282611] Benlloch R, et al. Integrating long-day flowering signals: a LEAFY binding site is essential for proper photoperiodic activation of APETALA1. Plant J., 2011. 67(6): p. 1094-102 [PMID:21623976] Taoka K, et al. 14-3-3 proteins act as intracellular receptors for rice Hd3a florigen. Nature, 2011. 476(7360): p. 332-5 [PMID:21804566] Hanano S,Goto K Arabidopsis TERMINAL FLOWER1 is involved in the regulation of flowering time and inflorescence development through transcriptional repression. Plant Cell, 2011. 23(9): p. 3172-84 [PMID:21890645] Imura Y, et al. CRYPTIC PRECOCIOUS/MED12 is a novel flowering regulator with multiple target steps in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Physiol., 2012. 53(2): p. 287-303 [PMID:22247249] Huang NC,Jane WN,Chen J,Yu TS Arabidopsis thaliana CENTRORADIALIS homologue (ATC) acts systemically to inhibit floral initiation in Arabidopsis. Plant J., 2012. 72(2): p. 175-84 [PMID:22702636] Jaeger KE,Pullen N,Lamzin S,Morris RJ,Wigge PA Interlocking feedback loops govern the dynamic behavior of the floral transition in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2013. 25(3): p. 820-33 [PMID:23543784] Celesnik H,Ali GS,Robison FM,Reddy AS Arabidopsis thaliana VOZ (Vascular plant One-Zinc finger) transcription factors are required for proper regulation of flowering time. Biol Open, 2013. 2(4): p. 424-31 [PMID:23616927] Seedat N,Dinsdale A,Ong EK,Gendall AR Acceleration of flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana by Cape Verde Islands alleles of FLOWERING H is dependent on the floral promoter FD. J. Exp. Bot., 2013. 64(10): p. 2767-78 [PMID:23667042] Ryu JY, et al. The Arabidopsis floral repressor BFT delays flowering by competing with FT for FD binding under high salinity. Mol Plant, 2014. 7(2): p. 377-87 [PMID:23935007] Ho WW,Weigel D Structural features determining flower-promoting activity of Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T. Plant Cell, 2014. 26(2): p. 552-64 [PMID:24532592] Ji H, et al. Downregulation of leaf flavin content induces early flowering and photoperiod gene expression in Arabidopsis. BMC Plant Biol., 2014. 14: p. 237 [PMID:25201173] Li L, et al. Expression of turtle riboflavin-binding protein represses mitochondrial electron transport gene expression and promotes flowering in Arabidopsis. BMC Plant Biol., 2014. 14: p. 381 [PMID:25547226] Kawamoto N,Sasabe M,Endo M,Machida Y,Araki T Calcium-dependent protein kinases responsible for the phosphorylation of a bZIP transcription factor FD crucial for the florigen complex formation. Sci Rep, 2015. 5: p. 8341 [PMID:25661797] Jin J, et al. An Arabidopsis Transcriptional Regulatory Map Reveals Distinct Functional and Evolutionary Features of Novel Transcription Factors. Mol. Biol. Evol., 2015. 32(7): p. 1767-73 [PMID:25750178] Sussmilch FC, et al. Pea VEGETATIVE2 Is an FD Homolog That Is Essential for Flowering and Compound Inflorescence Development. Plant Cell, 2015. 27(4): p. 1046-60 [PMID:25804541] Khan M, et al. Repression of Lateral Organ Boundary Genes by PENNYWISE and POUND-FOOLISH Is Essential for Meristem Maintenance and Flowering in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 2015. 169(3): p. 2166-86 [PMID:26417006] Andrés F, et al. Floral Induction in Arabidopsis by FLOWERING LOCUS T Requires Direct Repression of BLADE-ON-PETIOLE Genes by the Homeodomain Protein PENNYWISE. Plant Physiol., 2015. 169(3): p. 2187-99 [PMID:26417007] Kawamoto N,Endo M,Araki T Expression of a kinase-dead form of CPK33 involved in florigen complex formation causes delayed flowering. Plant Signal Behav, 2015. 10(12): p. e1086856 [PMID:26440648] Zhang L,Yu H,Lin S,Gao Y Molecular Characterization of FT and FD Homologs from Eriobotrya deflexa Nakai forma koshunensis. Front Plant Sci, 2016. 7: p. 8 [PMID:26834775] Hou CJ,Yang CH Comparative analysis of the pteridophyte Adiantum MFT ortholog reveals the specificity of combined FT/MFT C and N terminal interaction with FD for the regulation of the downstream gene AP1. Plant Mol. Biol., 2016. 91(4-5): p. 563-79 [PMID:27216814] Jung JH,Lee HJ,Ryu JY,Park CM SPL3/4/5 Integrate Developmental Aging and Photoperiodic Signals into the FT-FD Module in Arabidopsis Flowering. Mol Plant, 2016. 9(12): p. 1647-1659 [PMID:27815142] Jang S,Li HY,Kuo ML Ectopic expression of Arabidopsis FD and FD PARALOGUE in rice results in dwarfism with size reduction of spikelets. Sci Rep, 2017. 7: p. 44477 [PMID:28290557] Sanda SL,Amasino RM Interaction of FLC and late-flowering mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol. Gen. Genet., 1996. 251(1): p. 69-74 [PMID:8628249] Haung MD,Yang CH EMF genes interact with late-flowering genes to regulate Arabidopsis shoot development. Plant Cell Physiol., 1998. 39(4): p. 382-93 [PMID:9615462]