PlantTFDB - Plant Transcription Factor Database @ CBI, PKU

PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0

Plant Transcription Factor Database

Transcription Factor Information

Basic Information | Signature Domain | Sequence |

Basic Information? help Back to Top

TF ID

GRMZM2G064638_P01

Common Name

bHLH139, LOC100381548

Organism

Zea mays

Taxonomic ID

4577

Taxonomic Lineage

cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; Liliopsida; Petrosaviidae; commelinids; Poales; Poaceae; PACMAD clade; Panicoideae; Andropogonodae; Andropogoneae; Tripsacinae; Zea

Family

bHLH

Protein Properties

Length: 393aa MW: 41425.9 Da PI: 7.822

Description

bHLH family protein

Gene Model

Gene Model ID	Type	Source	Coding Sequence
GRMZM2G064638_P01	genome	MaizeSequence	View CDS

Signature Domain? help Back to Top

No.	Domain	Score	E-value	Start	End	HMM Start	HMM End
1	HLH	40.2	6e-13	121	170	3	55
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHCTSCCC...TTS-STCHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CS HLH 3 rahnerErrRRdriNsafeeLrellPkaskapskKlsKaeiLekAveYIksLq 55 +h ++Er+RR+++N+ + Lr+l+P + k+ + a+i +v+YIk+Lq GRMZM2G064638_P01 121 ISHVAVERNRRKQMNEHLTVLRSLMPCF---YVKRGDQASIIGGVVDYIKELQ 170 589**********************9...9******************9 PP

Protein Features ? help Back to Top

Database	Entry ID	E-value	Start	End	InterPro ID	Description
PROSITE profile	PS50888	15.078	118	169	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
SuperFamily	SSF47459	3.4E-17	119	195	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
Gene3D	G3DSA:4.10.280.10	5.8E-13	120	181	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
CDD	cd00083	9.57E-14	120	174	No hit	No description
Pfam	PF00010	2.5E-10	122	170	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
SMART	SM00353	4.7E-12	124	175	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain

Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term	GO Category	GO Description
GO:0010374	Biological Process	stomatal complex development
GO:0005634	Cellular Component	nucleus
GO:0046983	Molecular Function	protein dimerization activity

Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence Length: 393 aa Download sequence Send to blast
MGDGQCELVV DNHCQLRHRL DLSGAEDLFS VIGTWEERTD DGGAGDGGGG GSSAPAMRAY 60 RQISCSAGAV AATRLTGKSR RRTGEEEEEK GSGGSAPGPA HKKHNKAGSA VTDDDEGAPK 120 ISHVAVERNR RKQMNEHLTV LRSLMPCFYV KRGDQASIIG GVVDYIKELQ QVLRSLEAKK 180 HRKAYAEQVL SPRPSAGGVS TSVSAASPRH LAVKSVAPLS PRMAVPISPR TPTPGSPYKA 240 AASGVAGCCR LPLLPPYMLS SSAAAAAASY SHDQQQHYST QTTTYLPTLD SLVTELATQQ 300 AACRPAAAAA GLALPDVKVE FAGPNLVLKT VSHRAPGQAL KIIAALESLS LQILHVSVSA 360 VDDTMLHSFT IKIGIECELS AEELVQEIQQ TLL

Sequence ? help Back to Top

Protein Sequence Length: 393 aa Download sequence Send to blast

MGDGQCELVV DNHCQLRHRL DLSGAEDLFS VIGTWEERTD DGGAGDGGGG GSSAPAMRAY  60
RQISCSAGAV AATRLTGKSR RRTGEEEEEK GSGGSAPGPA HKKHNKAGSA VTDDDEGAPK  120
ISHVAVERNR RKQMNEHLTV LRSLMPCFYV KRGDQASIIG GVVDYIKELQ QVLRSLEAKK  180
HRKAYAEQVL SPRPSAGGVS TSVSAASPRH LAVKSVAPLS PRMAVPISPR TPTPGSPYKA  240
AASGVAGCCR LPLLPPYMLS SSAAAAAASY SHDQQQHYST QTTTYLPTLD SLVTELATQQ  300
AACRPAAAAA GLALPDVKVE FAGPNLVLKT VSHRAPGQAL KIIAALESLS LQILHVSVSA  360
VDDTMLHSFT IKIGIECELS AEELVQEIQQ TLL

Expression -- Microarray ? help Back to Top
Source	ID
Expression Atlas	GRMZM2G064638

Expression -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
Uniprot	DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: First observed in a subset of undifferentiated epidermal cells, often by pair of neighboring cells. Later confined to small epidermal cells, including cells that have recently divided next to stomatal lineage cells. Also expressed in stomatal lineage cells, fading out progressively during meristemoid determination. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17183265, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18641265, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19008449}.
Uniprot	TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in developing leaf epidermis (PubMed:17183265). Reduced accumulation in the stomatal lineage ground cells (SLGCs) where BASL is polarized in the cell cortex (PubMed:27746029). Observed in small cells of non-protruding hypocotyl cell files and of developing cotyledon epidermis (PubMed:22466366). Restricted to meristemoids (stomatal precursor cell) in leaves epidermis, mostly in dividing cells of non-protruding cell files (PubMed:25680231, PubMed:18641265, PubMed:19008449). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17183265, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18641265, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19008449, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:22466366, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:25680231, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:27746029}.

Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
UniProt	Transcription factor acting as an integration node for stomata and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathways to control stomatal initiation and development (PubMed:22466366, PubMed:28507175). Activates transcription when in the presence of SCRM/ICE1 (PubMed:28507175). Functions as a dimer with SCRM or SCRM2 during stomatal initiation (PubMed:18641265). Required for the initiation, the spacing and the formation of stomata, by promoting the first asymmetric cell divisions (PubMed:25843888, PubMed:25680231, PubMed:19008449). Together with FMA and MUTE, modulates the stomata formation. Involved in the regulation of growth reduction under osmotic stress (e.g. mannitol), associated with a quick decrease of meristemoid mother cells (MMCs) number lower stomatal index and density (PubMed:25381317). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17183265, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17183267, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18641265, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19008449, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:22466366, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:25381317, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:25680231, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:25843888, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:28507175}.

Cis-element ? help Back to Top
Source	Link
PlantRegMap	GRMZM2G064638_P01

Regulation -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
UniProt	INDUCTION: Repressed by brassinazole (BRZ), thus leading to a reduced number of stomata in hypocotyls (PubMed:25680231). Inhibited by low relative humidity (LRH) via epigenetic CG methylation, thus leading to a reduced stomatal index (PubMed:22442411). Repressed by YDA (at protein level) (PubMed:19008449). Post-transcriptional decrease of protein level in response to osmotic stress (e.g. mannitol), through the action of a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade; this repression is reversed by the MAPK kinase inhibitor PD98059 (PubMed:25381317). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19008449, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:22442411, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:25381317, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:25680231}.

Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator	Target Gene
PlantRegMap	Retrieve	-

Annotation -- Nucleotide ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
GenBank	BT061585	0.0	BT061585.1 Zea mays full-length cDNA clone ZM_BFb0161H07 mRNA, complete cds.

Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
Refseq	NP_001167846.1	0.0	uncharacterized protein LOC100381548
Swissprot	Q700C7	3e-75	SPCH_ARATH; Transcription factor SPEECHLESS
TrEMBL	C0HGX9	0.0	C0HGX9_MAIZE; BHLH transcription factor
STRING	GRMZM2G064638_P01	0.0	(Zea mays)

Orthologous Group ? help Back to Top
Lineage	Orthologous Group ID	Taxa Number	Gene Number
Monocots	OGMP3484	35	77
Representative plant	OGRP253	15	131

Best hit in Arabidopsis thaliana ? help Back to Top
Hit ID	E-value	Description
AT5G53210.1	7e-42	bHLH family protein

Link Out ? help Back to Top
Phytozome	GRMZM2G064638_P01
Entrez Gene	100381548

Publications ? help Back to Top
Casson S,Gray JE Influence of environmental factors on stomatal development. New Phytol., 2008. 178(1): p. 9-23 [PMID:18266617] Skinner MK,Rawls A,Wilson-Rawls J,Roalson EH Basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene family phylogenetics and nomenclature. Differentiation, 2010. 80(1): p. 1-8 [PMID:20219281] Yang K,Jiang M,Le J A new loss-of-function allele 28y reveals a role of ARGONAUTE1 in limiting asymmetric division of stomatal lineage ground cell. J Integr Plant Biol, 2014. 56(6): p. 539-49 [PMID:24386951] Balcerowicz M,Ranjan A,Rupprecht L,Fiene G,Hoecker U Auxin represses stomatal development in dark-grown seedlings via Aux/IAA proteins. Development, 2014. 141(16): p. 3165-76 [PMID:25063454] Lau OS, et al. Direct roles of SPEECHLESS in the specification of stomatal self-renewing cells. Science, 2014. 345(6204): p. 1605-9 [PMID:25190717] Davies KA,Bergmann DC Functional specialization of stomatal bHLHs through modification of DNA-binding and phosphoregulation potential. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2014. 111(43): p. 15585-90 [PMID:25304637] Zhang Y,Wang P,Shao W,Zhu JK,Dong J The BASL polarity protein controls a MAPK signaling feedback loop in asymmetric cell division. Dev. Cell, 2015. 33(2): p. 136-49 [PMID:25843888] de Marcos A, et al. Transcriptional profiles of Arabidopsis stomataless mutants reveal developmental and physiological features of life in the absence of stomata. Front Plant Sci, 2015. 6: p. 456 [PMID:26157447] Horst RJ, et al. Molecular Framework of a Regulatory Circuit Initiating Two-Dimensional Spatial Patterning of Stomatal Lineage. PLoS Genet., 2015. 11(7): p. e1005374 [PMID:26203655] Klermund C, et al. LLM-Domain B-GATA Transcription Factors Promote Stomatal Development Downstream of Light Signaling Pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana Hypocotyls. Plant Cell, 2016. 28(3): p. 646-60 [PMID:26917680] Gu F, et al. Arabidopsis CSLD5 Functions in Cell Plate Formation in a Cell Cycle-Dependent Manner. Plant Cell, 2016. 28(7): p. 1722-37 [PMID:27354558] Raissig MT,Abrash E,Bettadapur A,Vogel JP,Bergmann DC Grasses use an alternatively wired bHLH transcription factor network to establish stomatal identity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2016. 113(29): p. 8326-31 [PMID:27382177] Castorina G,Fox S,Tonelli C,Galbiati M,Conti L A novel role for STOMATAL CARPENTER 1 in stomata patterning. BMC Plant Biol., 2016. 16(1): p. 172 [PMID:27484174] Fu ZW,Wang YL,Lu YT,Yuan TT Nitric oxide is involved in stomatal development by modulating the expression of stomatal regulator genes in Arabidopsis. Plant Sci., 2016. 252: p. 282-289 [PMID:27717464] Zhang Y,Guo X,Dong J Phosphorylation of the Polarity Protein BASL Differentiates Asymmetric Cell Fate through MAPKs and SPCH. Curr. Biol., 2016. 26(21): p. 2957-2965 [PMID:27746029] Sakai Y, et al. The chemical compound bubblin induces stomatal mispatterning in Arabidopsis by disrupting the intrinsic polarity of stomatal lineage cells. Development, 2017. 144(3): p. 499-506 [PMID:28087627] de Marcos A, et al. A Mutation in the bHLH Domain of the SPCH Transcription Factor Uncovers a BR-Dependent Mechanism for Stomatal Development. Plant Physiol., 2017. 174(2): p. 823-842 [PMID:28507175] Dow GJ,Berry JA,Bergmann DC Disruption of stomatal lineage signaling or transcriptional regulators has differential effects on mesophyll development, but maintains coordination of gas exchange. New Phytol., 2017. 216(1): p. 69-75 [PMID:28833173] Lee JH,Jung JH,Park CM Light Inhibits COP1-Mediated Degradation of ICE Transcription Factors to Induce Stomatal Development in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2017. 29(11): p. 2817-2830 [PMID:29070509] Zoulias N,Harrison EL,Casson SA,Gray JE Molecular control of stomatal development. Biochem. J., 2018. 475(2): p. 441-454 [PMID:29386377] Han X, et al. Jasmonate Negatively Regulates Stomatal Development in Arabidopsis Cotyledons. Plant Physiol., 2018. 176(4): p. 2871-2885 [PMID:29496884] Houbaert A, et al. POLAR-guided signalling complex assembly and localization drive asymmetric cell division. Nature, 2018. 563(7732): p. 574-578 [PMID:30429609]