PlantTFDB
PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0
Plant Transcription Factor Database
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(e.g., LFY)
Transcription Factor Information
Basic Information | Signature Domain | Sequence | 
Basic Information? help Back to Top
TF ID AT5G57390.1
Common NameAIL5, CHO1, EMK, MSF19.5, PLT5
Organism
Arabidopsis thaliana
Taxonomic ID
Taxonomic Lineage
cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Family AP2
Protein Properties Length: 558aa    MW: 60306.1 Da    PI: 7.926
Description AINTEGUMENTA-like 5
Gene Model
Gene Model ID Type Source Coding Sequence
AT5G57390.1genomeTAIRView CDS
Signature Domain? help Back to Top
Signature Domain
No. Domain Score E-value Start End HMM Start HMM End
1AP2461.3e-14202261155
          AP2   1 sgykGVrwdkkrgrWvAeIrd.pse.ng..kr.krfslgkfgtaeeAakaaiaarkkleg 55 
                  s y+GV++++++gr++A+++d  +   g  ++ ++++lg ++ +++Aa+a++ a++k++g
  AT5G57390.1 202 SIYRGVTRHRWTGRYEAHLWDnSCRrEGqsRKgRQVYLGGYDKEDKAARAYDLAALKYWG 261
                  57*******************666664477446**********99*************98 PP
2AP246.31.1e-14306355355
          AP2   3 ykGVrwdkkrgrWvAeIrdpsengkrkrfslgkfgtaeeAakaaiaarkkleg 55 
                  y+GV+++++ grW A+I  +     +k  +lg+f t eeAa+a++ a+ k++g
  AT5G57390.1 306 YRGVTRHHQHGRWQARIGRVAG---NKDLYLGTFSTQEEAAEAYDIAAIKFRG 355
                  9***************988532...5************************998 PP
Protein Features ? help Back to Top
3D Structure
Database Entry ID E-value Start End InterPro ID Description
SuperFamilySSF541715.69E-17202271IPR016177DNA-binding domain
CDDcd000188.88E-22202271No hitNo description
PfamPF008471.0E-11202261IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
SMARTSM003803.4E-29203275IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
PROSITE profilePS5103218.927203269IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
Gene3DG3DSA:3.30.730.102.9E-15203270IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
PRINTSPR003673.1E-6204215IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
CDDcd000188.44E-25304365No hitNo description
SuperFamilySSF541719.81E-18304365IPR016177DNA-binding domain
PROSITE profilePS5103219.203305363IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
SMARTSM003803.7E-33305369IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
Gene3DG3DSA:3.30.730.104.0E-18305363IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
PfamPF008471.5E-9306355IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
PRINTSPR003673.1E-6345365IPR001471AP2/ERF domain
Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term GO Category GO Description
GO:0006355Biological Processregulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0009845Biological Processseed germination
GO:0009873Biological Processethylene-activated signaling pathway
GO:0040019Biological Processpositive regulation of embryonic development
GO:0048364Biological Processroot development
GO:0060772Biological Processleaf phyllotactic patterning
GO:0060774Biological Processauxin mediated signaling pathway involved in phyllotactic patterning
GO:0005634Cellular Componentnucleus
GO:0003677Molecular FunctionDNA binding
GO:0003700Molecular Functiontranscription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
Plant Ontology ? help Back to Top
PO Term PO Category PO Description
PO:0000013anatomycauline leaf
PO:0000037anatomyshoot apex
PO:0000055anatomybud
PO:0000293anatomyguard cell
PO:0009001anatomyfruit
PO:0009005anatomyroot
PO:0009006anatomyshoot system
PO:0009009anatomyplant embryo
PO:0009010anatomyseed
PO:0009025anatomyvascular leaf
PO:0009031anatomysepal
PO:0009032anatomypetal
PO:0009046anatomyflower
PO:0009052anatomyflower pedicel
PO:0020003anatomyplant ovule
PO:0020030anatomycotyledon
PO:0020038anatomypetiole
PO:0020100anatomyhypocotyl
PO:0020137anatomyleaf apex
PO:0020147anatomyroot apical meristem
PO:0025022anatomycollective leaf structure
PO:0001040developmental stagedry seed stage
PO:0001078developmental stageplant embryo cotyledonary stage
PO:0001081developmental stagemature plant embryo stage
PO:0001185developmental stageplant embryo globular stage
PO:0004507developmental stageplant embryo bilateral stage
PO:0007022developmental stageseed imbibition stage
PO:0007064developmental stageLP.12 twelve leaves visible stage
PO:0007095developmental stageLP.08 eight leaves visible stage
PO:0007115developmental stageLP.04 four leaves visible stage
PO:0007123developmental stageLP.06 six leaves visible stage
PO:0007611developmental stagepetal differentiation and expansion stage
PO:0007616developmental stageflowering stage
Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence    Length: 558 aa     Download sequence    Send to blast
MKNNNNKSSS SSSYDSSLSP SSSSSSHQNW LSFSLSNNNN NFNSSSNPNL TSSTSDHHHP  60
HPSHLSLFQA FSTSPVERQD GSPGVSPSDA TAVLSVYPGG PKLENFLGGG ASTTTTRPMQ  120
QVQSLGGVVF SSDLQPPLHP PSAAEIYDSE LKSIAASFLG NYSGGHSSEV SSVHKQQPNP  180
LAVSEASPTP KKNVESFGQR TSIYRGVTRH RWTGRYEAHL WDNSCRREGQ SRKGRQVYLG  240
GYDKEDKAAR AYDLAALKYW GPTTTTNFPI SNYESELEEM KHMTRQEFVA SLRRKSSGFS  300
RGASMYRGVT RHHQHGRWQA RIGRVAGNKD LYLGTFSTQE EAAEAYDIAA IKFRGLNAVT  360
NFDISRYDVK SIASCNLPVG GLMPKPSPAT AAADKTVDLS PSDSPSLTTP SLTFNVATPV  420
NDHGGTFYHT GIPIKPDPAD HYWSNIFGFQ ANPKAEMRPL ANFGSDLHNP SPGYAIMPVM  480
QEGENNFGGS FVGSDGYNNH SAASNPVSAI PLSSTTTMSN GNEGYGGNIN WINNNISSSY  540
QTAKSNLSVL HTPVFGLE
Expression -- UniGene ? help Back to Top
UniGene ID E-value Expressed in
At.293360.0seed
Expression -- Microarray ? help Back to Top
Source ID E-value
GEO795386230.0
Genevisible247904_at0.0
Expression AtlasAT5G57390-
AtGenExpressAT5G57390-
ATTED-IIAT5G57390-
Expression -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source Description
UniprotDEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Present in inflorescence meristem and later in young floral mersitems. Expressed in sepal, petal, stamen and carpel primordia. In petal, progressively confined to petal margin and epidermal cells. Restricted to sporogenous tissue in the stamen and to the medial ridge of the carpel. Present in tissues that develop from this ridge, such as placenta and ovule primordia. In ovules, first expressed in distal part of the funiculus and the outer integument, before being confined to the funiculus. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15988559}.
UniprotTISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in roots, seedlings, inflorescence, and siliques. Also detected at low levels in leaves. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15988559}.
Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source Description
TAIREncodes a member of the AP2 family of transcriptional regulators.May be involved in germination and seedling growth. Mutants are resistant to ABA analogs and are resistant to high nitrogen concentrations.essential for the developmental transition between the embryonic and vegetative phases in plants.Overexpression results in the formation of somatic embryos on cotyledons.
UniProtProbably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of floral organs size. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15988559}.
Function -- GeneRIF ? help Back to Top
  1. CHOTTO1 (CHO1) encodes a double AP2 transcription factor and acts downstream of ABI4. CHO1 regulates nutritional responses downstream of ABI4 during germination and seedling growth. [CHO1]
    [PMID: 19109301]
  2. CHO1 acts downstream of abscisic acid to repress gibberellins biosynthesis during seed germination.
    [PMID: 19648230]
  3. AtEMK is a key player to maintain embryonic identity, and the rapid disappearance of AtEMK expression during germination is essential for the developmental transition between the embryonic and vegetative phases in plants. [AtEMK]
    [PMID: 20405311]
  4. PLT proteins are key regulators of PIN1 activity in control of phyllotaxis. PLT3, PLT5, and PLT7 are essential for normal phyllotaxis. [PLT5]
    [PMID: 21700457]
  5. In A. thaliana, three transcriptional regulators implicated in phyllotaxis, PLETHORA3 (PLT3), PLT5, and PLT7, are expressed in incipient lateral root primordia where they are required for primordium development and lateral root emergence.[PLT5]
    [PMID: 23684976]
  6. Data indicate that transcriptional regulators RINGLET 2 (RLT2; AT5G44180) and AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE 5 (AIL5; At5g57390) as being essential for transgene phas transcription.
    [PMID: 23872538]
  7. AIL genes exhibit unequal genetic redundancy with roles for AIL5, AIL6, and AIL7 only revealed in the absence of ANT function. AIL5, AIL6, and AIL7 act in a dose dependent manners in ant and other mutant backgrounds.
    [PMID: 25956884]
  8. This study characterized the effects of three PLETHORA (PLT) transcription factors, PLT3, PLT5, and PLT7, during lateral root outgrowth.
    [PMID: 29078398]
Cis-element ? help Back to Top
SourceLink
PlantRegMapAT5G57390.1
Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source Upstream Regulator Target Gene
PlantRegMapRetrieve-
Regulation -- Hormone ? help Back to Top
Source Hormone
AHDabscisic acid, Gibberellin, Jasmonic acid
Phenotype -- Mutation ? help Back to Top
Source ID
T-DNA ExpressAT5G57390
Annotation -- Nucleotide ? help Back to Top
Source Hit ID E-value Description
GenBankAY5856850.0AY585685.1 Arabidopsis thaliana clone at5g57390 AP2/EREBP transcription factor mRNA, complete cds.
Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source Hit ID E-value Description
RefseqNP_200549.20.0AINTEGUMENTA-like 5
SwissprotQ6PQQ30.0AIL5_ARATH; AP2-like ethylene-responsive transcription factor AIL5
TrEMBLR0EWC30.0R0EWC3_9BRAS; Uncharacterized protein
STRINGAT5G57390.10.0(Arabidopsis thaliana)
Orthologous Group ? help Back to Top
LineageOrthologous Group IDTaxa NumberGene Number
MalvidsOGEM115832833
Representative plantOGRP11217209
Publications ? help Back to Top
  1. Todd J,Post-Beittenmiller D,Jaworski JG
    KCS1 encodes a fatty acid elongase 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase affecting wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant J., 1999. 17(2): p. 119-30
    [PMID:10074711]
  2. Krizek BA,Prost V,Macias A
    AINTEGUMENTA promotes petal identity and acts as a negative regulator of AGAMOUS.
    Plant Cell, 2000. 12(8): p. 1357-66
    [PMID:10948255]
  3. Riechmann JL, et al.
    Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes.
    Science, 2000. 290(5499): p. 2105-10
    [PMID:11118137]
  4. Nambara E, et al.
    A screen for genes that function in abscisic acid signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Genetics, 2002. 161(3): p. 1247-55
    [PMID:12136027]
  5. Dal Bosco C, et al.
    Inactivation of the chloroplast ATP synthase gamma subunit results in high non-photochemical fluorescence quenching and altered nuclear gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    J. Biol. Chem., 2004. 279(2): p. 1060-9
    [PMID:14576160]
  6. Nole-Wilson S,Tranby TL,Krizek BA
    AINTEGUMENTA-like (AIL) genes are expressed in young tissues and may specify meristematic or division-competent states.
    Plant Mol. Biol., 2005. 57(5): p. 613-28
    [PMID:15988559]
  7. Kim S,Soltis PS,Wall K,Soltis DE
    Phylogeny and domain evolution in the APETALA2-like gene family.
    Mol. Biol. Evol., 2006. 23(1): p. 107-20
    [PMID:16151182]
  8. Nakano T,Suzuki K,Fujimura T,Shinshi H
    Genome-wide analysis of the ERF gene family in Arabidopsis and rice.
    Plant Physiol., 2006. 140(2): p. 411-32
    [PMID:16407444]
  9. Wagner R,Pfannschmidt T
    Eukaryotic transcription factors in plastids--Bioinformatic assessment and implications for the evolution of gene expression machineries in plants.
    Gene, 2006. 381: p. 62-70
    [PMID:16934950]
  10. Yamagishi K, et al.
    CHOTTO1, a double AP2 domain protein of Arabidopsis thaliana, regulates germination and seedling growth under excess supply of glucose and nitrate.
    Plant Cell Physiol., 2009. 50(2): p. 330-40
    [PMID:19109301]
  11. Skinner DJ,Gasser CS
    Expression-based discovery of candidate ovule development regulators through transcriptional profiling of ovule mutants.
    BMC Plant Biol., 2009. 9: p. 29
    [PMID:19291320]
  12. Yano R, et al.
    CHOTTO1, a putative double APETALA2 repeat transcription factor, is involved in abscisic acid-mediated repression of gibberellin biosynthesis during seed germination in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Physiol., 2009. 151(2): p. 641-54
    [PMID:19648230]
  13. Tsuwamoto R,Yokoi S,Takahata Y
    Arabidopsis EMBRYOMAKER encoding an AP2 domain transcription factor plays a key role in developmental change from vegetative to embryonic phase.
    Plant Mol. Biol., 2010. 73(4-5): p. 481-92
    [PMID:20405311]
  14. El Ouakfaoui S, et al.
    Control of somatic embryogenesis and embryo development by AP2 transcription factors.
    Plant Mol. Biol., 2010. 74(4-5): p. 313-26
    [PMID:20798978]
  15. Prasad K, et al.
    Arabidopsis PLETHORA transcription factors control phyllotaxis.
    Curr. Biol., 2011. 21(13): p. 1123-8
    [PMID:21700457]
  16. Pinon V,Prasad K,Grigg SP,Sanchez-Perez GF,Scheres B
    Local auxin biosynthesis regulation by PLETHORA transcription factors controls phyllotaxis in Arabidopsis.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2013. 110(3): p. 1107-12
    [PMID:23277580]
  17. Hofhuis H, et al.
    Phyllotaxis and rhizotaxis in Arabidopsis are modified by three PLETHORA transcription factors.
    Curr. Biol., 2013. 23(11): p. 956-62
    [PMID:23684976]
  18. Sundaram S, et al.
    Gene networks and chromatin and transcriptional regulation of the phaseolin promoter in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Cell, 2013. 25(7): p. 2601-17
    [PMID:23872538]
  19. Molitor AM,Bu Z,Yu Y,Shen WH
    Arabidopsis AL PHD-PRC1 complexes promote seed germination through H3K4me3-to-H3K27me3 chromatin state switch in repression of seed developmental genes.
    PLoS Genet., 2014. 10(1): p. e1004091
    [PMID:24465219]
  20. Krizek BA
    AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE genes have partly overlapping functions with AINTEGUMENTA but make distinct contributions to Arabidopsis thaliana flower development.
    J. Exp. Bot., 2015. 66(15): p. 4537-49
    [PMID:25956884]
  21. Feng J,Chen D,Berr A,Shen WH
    ZRF1 Chromatin Regulators Have Polycomb Silencing and Independent Roles in Development.
    Plant Physiol., 2016. 172(3): p. 1746-1759
    [PMID:27630184]
  22. Santuari L, et al.
    The PLETHORA Gene Regulatory Network Guides Growth and Cell Differentiation in Arabidopsis Roots.
    Plant Cell, 2016. 28(12): p. 2937-2951
    [PMID:27920338]
  23. Du Y,Scheres B
    PLETHORA transcription factors orchestrate de novo organ patterning during Arabidopsis lateral root outgrowth.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2017. 114(44): p. 11709-11714
    [PMID:29078398]
  24. Klucher KM,Chow H,Reiser L,Fischer RL
    The AINTEGUMENTA gene of Arabidopsis required for ovule and female gametophyte development is related to the floral homeotic gene APETALA2.
    Plant Cell, 1996. 8(2): p. 137-53
    [PMID:8742706]
  25. Elliott RC, et al.
    AINTEGUMENTA, an APETALA2-like gene of Arabidopsis with pleiotropic roles in ovule development and floral organ growth.
    Plant Cell, 1996. 8(2): p. 155-68
    [PMID:8742707]
  26. Okamuro JK,Caster B,Villarroel R,Van Montagu M,Jofuku KD
    The AP2 domain of APETALA2 defines a large new family of DNA binding proteins in Arabidopsis.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 1997. 94(13): p. 7076-81
    [PMID:9192694]
  27. Schneitz K,Baker SC,Gasser CS,Redweik A
    Pattern formation and growth during floral organogenesis: HUELLENLOS and AINTEGUMENTA are required for the formation of the proximal region of the ovule primordium in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Development, 1998. 125(14): p. 2555-63
    [PMID:9636071]