PlantTFDB - Plant Transcription Factor Database @ CBI, PKU

PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0

Plant Transcription Factor Database

Transcription Factor Information

Basic Information | Signature Domain | Sequence |

Basic Information? help Back to Top

TF ID

AT4G37650.1

Common Name

F19F18.140, SGR7, SHR

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana

Taxonomic ID

3702

Taxonomic Lineage

cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis

Family

GRAS

Protein Properties

Length: 531aa MW: 59462.2 Da PI: 5.4655

Description

GRAS family protein

Gene Model

Gene Model ID	Type	Source	Coding Sequence
AT4G37650.1	genome	TAIR	View CDS

Signature Domain? help Back to Top

No.	Domain	Score	E-value	Start	End	HMM Start	HMM End
1	GRAS	392	6.5e-120	145	529	3	374
GRAS 3 elLlecAeavssgdlelaqalLarlselaspdgdpmqRlaayfteALaarlarsvselykalppsetseknsseelaalkl..fsevsPilkfshlta 98 ++Lle+A+a+s++d+++aq++L++l+el+sp+gd+ q+la+yf++AL +r+++s++++y+++ + +++ek+ s e + ++ f+evsP+ +f+h++a AT4G37650.1 145 SVLLEAARAFSDKDTARAQQILWTLNELSSPYGDTEQKLASYFLQALFNRMTGSGERCYRTMVTAAATEKTCSFESTRKTVlkFQEVSPWATFGHVAA 242 78**********************************************************999999988655544444468*********** PP GRAS 99 NqaIleavegeervHiiDfdisqGlQWpaLlqaLasRpegppslRiTgvgspesg......skeeleetgerLakfAeelgvpfefnvlvak.rledl 189 N aIleav+ge ++Hi+D++ + ++QWp+Ll+aLa+R++++p+lR+T+v+ ++++ s+++++e+g+r++kfA+ +gvpf+fn++++ +l+++ AT4G37650.1 243 NGAILEAVDGEAKIHIVDISSTFCTQWPTLLEALATRSDDTPHLRLTTVVVANKFvndqtaSHRMMKEIGNRMEKFARLMGVPFKFNIIHHVgDLSEF 340 **********************************************999889999999**********************96666* PP GRAS 190 eleeLrvkpgEalaVnlvlqlhrlldesvsleserdevLklvkslsPkvvvvveqeadh.nse......sFlerflealeyysalfdsleaklprese 280 +l+eL+vkp+E+la+n+v ++h + s s+rd+v++ +++l+P++v+vve+ead+ ++e +Fl++f e+l+++ ++f+s+e+++pr+s+ AT4G37650.1 341 DLNELDVKPDEVLAINCVGAMHGIA----SRGSPRDAVISSFRRLRPRIVTVVEEEADLvGEEeggfddEFLRGFGECLRWFRVCFESWEESFPRTSN 434 ********************8....8888999*******************7666899999************************* PP GRAS 281 erikvErellgreivnvvacegaerrerhetlekWrerleeaGFkpvplsekaakqaklllrkvksdg..yrveeesgslv.lgWkdrpLvsvSaWr 374 er ++Er+ gr+iv++vace ++++er+et++kW++r++++GF++v +s+++a+++++llr++k +g +v++ +++ + l+W+d+p+v++SaWr AT4G37650.1 435 ERLMLERA-AGRAIVDLVACEPSDSTERRETARKWSRRMRNSGFGAVGYSDEVADDVRALLRRYK-EGvwSMVQCPDAAGIfLCWRDQPVVWASAWR 529 ****.****************************************************.4444788877666555************8 PP

Protein Features ? help Back to Top

Database	Entry ID	E-value	Start	End	InterPro ID	Description
PROSITE profile	PS50985	52.266	117	507	IPR005202	Transcription factor GRAS
Pfam	PF03514	2.2E-117	145	529	IPR005202	Transcription factor GRAS

Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term	GO Category	GO Description
GO:0006355	Biological Process	regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0008356	Biological Process	asymmetric cell division
GO:0009956	Biological Process	radial pattern formation
GO:0032350	Biological Process	regulation of hormone metabolic process
GO:0045930	Biological Process	negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle
GO:0048366	Biological Process	leaf development
GO:0055072	Biological Process	iron ion homeostasis
GO:0005634	Cellular Component	nucleus
GO:0005769	Cellular Component	early endosome
GO:0005770	Cellular Component	late endosome
GO:0055037	Cellular Component	recycling endosome
GO:0003700	Molecular Function	transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0005515	Molecular Function	protein binding
GO:0043565	Molecular Function	sequence-specific DNA binding

Plant Ontology ? help Back to Top
PO Term	PO Category	PO Description
PO:0000013	anatomy	cauline leaf
PO:0000037	anatomy	shoot apex
PO:0000230	anatomy	inflorescence meristem
PO:0000293	anatomy	guard cell
PO:0008019	anatomy	leaf lamina base
PO:0009005	anatomy	root
PO:0009006	anatomy	shoot system
PO:0009009	anatomy	plant embryo
PO:0009010	anatomy	seed
PO:0009025	anatomy	vascular leaf
PO:0009030	anatomy	carpel
PO:0009031	anatomy	sepal
PO:0009032	anatomy	petal
PO:0009046	anatomy	flower
PO:0009047	anatomy	stem
PO:0009052	anatomy	flower pedicel
PO:0020038	anatomy	petiole
PO:0020100	anatomy	hypocotyl
PO:0020124	anatomy	root stele
PO:0020137	anatomy	leaf apex
PO:0025022	anatomy	collective leaf structure
PO:0001054	developmental stage	vascular leaf senescent stage
PO:0001078	developmental stage	plant embryo cotyledonary stage
PO:0001081	developmental stage	mature plant embryo stage
PO:0001185	developmental stage	plant embryo globular stage
PO:0004507	developmental stage	plant embryo bilateral stage
PO:0007064	developmental stage	LP.12 twelve leaves visible stage
PO:0007095	developmental stage	LP.08 eight leaves visible stage
PO:0007098	developmental stage	LP.02 two leaves visible stage
PO:0007103	developmental stage	LP.10 ten leaves visible stage
PO:0007115	developmental stage	LP.04 four leaves visible stage
PO:0007123	developmental stage	LP.06 six leaves visible stage
PO:0007611	developmental stage	petal differentiation and expansion stage
PO:0007616	developmental stage	flowering stage

Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence Length: 531 aa Download sequence Send to blast
MDTLFRLVSL QQQQQSDSII TNQSSLSRTS TTTTGSPQTA YHYNFPQNDV VEECFNFFMD 60 EEDLSSSSSH HNHHNHNNPN TYYSPFTTPT QYHPATSSTP SSTAAAAALA SPYSSSGHHN 120 DPSAFSIPQT PPSFDFSANA KWADSVLLEA ARAFSDKDTA RAQQILWTLN ELSSPYGDTE 180 QKLASYFLQA LFNRMTGSGE RCYRTMVTAA ATEKTCSFES TRKTVLKFQE VSPWATFGHV 240 AANGAILEAV DGEAKIHIVD ISSTFCTQWP TLLEALATRS DDTPHLRLTT VVVANKFVND 300 QTASHRMMKE IGNRMEKFAR LMGVPFKFNI IHHVGDLSEF DLNELDVKPD EVLAINCVGA 360 MHGIASRGSP RDAVISSFRR LRPRIVTVVE EEADLVGEEE GGFDDEFLRG FGECLRWFRV 420 CFESWEESFP RTSNERLMLE RAAGRAIVDL VACEPSDSTE RRETARKWSR RMRNSGFGAV 480 GYSDEVADDV RALLRRYKEG VWSMVQCPDA AGIFLCWRDQ PVVWASAWRP T

Sequence ? help Back to Top

Protein Sequence Length: 531 aa Download sequence Send to blast

MDTLFRLVSL QQQQQSDSII TNQSSLSRTS TTTTGSPQTA YHYNFPQNDV VEECFNFFMD  60
EEDLSSSSSH HNHHNHNNPN TYYSPFTTPT QYHPATSSTP SSTAAAAALA SPYSSSGHHN  120
DPSAFSIPQT PPSFDFSANA KWADSVLLEA ARAFSDKDTA RAQQILWTLN ELSSPYGDTE  180
QKLASYFLQA LFNRMTGSGE RCYRTMVTAA ATEKTCSFES TRKTVLKFQE VSPWATFGHV  240
AANGAILEAV DGEAKIHIVD ISSTFCTQWP TLLEALATRS DDTPHLRLTT VVVANKFVND  300
QTASHRMMKE IGNRMEKFAR LMGVPFKFNI IHHVGDLSEF DLNELDVKPD EVLAINCVGA  360
MHGIASRGSP RDAVISSFRR LRPRIVTVVE EEADLVGEEE GGFDDEFLRG FGECLRWFRV  420
CFESWEESFP RTSNERLMLE RAAGRAIVDL VACEPSDSTE RRETARKWSR RMRNSGFGAV  480
GYSDEVADDV RALLRRYKEG VWSMVQCPDA AGIFLCWRDQ PVVWASAWRP T

3D Structure ? help Back to Top

PDB ID	Evalue	Query Start	Query End	Hit Start	Hit End	Description
5b3g_B	0.0	59	531	3	475	Protein SHORT-ROOT
Search in ModeBase

Expression -- UniGene ? help Back to Top
UniGene ID	E-value	Expressed in
At.2816	0.0	bud\| flower\| root

Expression -- Microarray ? help Back to Top
Source	ID	E-value
GEO	30691190	0.0
Genevisible	253056_at	0.0
Expression Atlas	AT4G37650	-
AtGenExpress	AT4G37650	-
ATTED-II	AT4G37650	-

Expression -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
Uniprot	DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed in the procambium during embryogenesis. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10850497}.
Uniprot	TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in the stele and the quiescent center. Not detected in the ground tissue cell lineage. The SHR protein moves from the stele to a single layer of adjacent cells, where it enters the nucleus. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10850497, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11565032, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15142972, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15314023}.

Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
TAIR	Involved in radial organization of the root and shoot axial organs. Essential for normal shoot gravitropism. The protein moves in a highly specific manner from the cells of the stele in which it is synthesized outward. Movement requires sequences within the GRAS and VHIID domains.
UniProt	Transcription factor required for quiescent center cells specification and maintenance of surrounding stem cells, and for the asymmetric cell division involved in radial pattern formation in roots. Essential for both cell division and cell specification. Regulates the radial organization of the shoot axial organs and is required for normal shoot gravitropism. Directly controls the transcription of SCR, and when associated with SCR, of MGP, RLK, TRI, NUC and SCL3. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10850497, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12569126, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15314023, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16640459, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17446396, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9670559}.

Function -- GeneRIF ? help Back to Top
The role of SHORT-ROOT and SCARECROW proteins in the maturation of A. thaliana roots, including cell organization, is reported. [PMID: 15955927] Combined analysis of global expression profiles of A. thaliana after modulating SHR activity in order to identify the direct targets of SHR is reported. [PMID: 16640459] findings show that SCARECROW (SCR) blocks SHORTROOT (SHR) movement by sequestering it into the nucleus through protein-protein interaction and a safeguard mechanism that relies on a SHR/SCR-dependent positive feedback loop for SCR transcription [PMID: 17446396] SHR movement from the stele is required for proper patterning of the root. Multiple domains are required for SHR movement and for proper sub-cellular localization. [PMID: 19000160] SHR regulates the spatiotemporal activation of specific genes involved in cell division [PMID: 20596025] SHR plays a central role in the root vascular system to control patterning processes, possibly regulated by longitudinal and radial signals. [PMID: 20680487] SHR and SCR primarily function as general regulators of cell proliferation in leaves. [PMID: 20739610] SHR regulates a wide array of Arabidopsis root-related developmental processes. [PMID: 21030506] Congruence between SHR and ATHB8 expression domains persists under conditions of manipulated vein patterning, suggesting that inception of expression of SHR and ATHB8 identifies transition to a preprocambial cell state that presages vein formation. [PMID: 21128301] JKD directly regulates SCR and MGP expression in cooperation with SHR, SCR and MGP. [PMID: 21935722] One mechanism by which SHR controls vascular patterning is the regulation of cytokinin homeostasis. [PMID: 21951467] SHR functions in plant growth and development as a regulator of cell division and meristem activity not only in the roots but also in the shoots. [PMID: 22194939] The results together suggest that SHR regulates vascular patterning, but not root apical meristematic activity, through cytokinin homeostasis. [PMID: 22476466] The SHORT-ROOT protein acts as a mobile, dose-dependent signal in patterning the ground tissue. [PMID: 22826238] SCARECROW reinforces SHORT-ROOT signaling and inhibits periclinal cell divisions in the ground tissue by maintaining SHR at high levels in the endodermis. [PMID: 23072993] SHRUBBY (At5g24740) controls root growth downstream of gibberellic acid in part through the regulation of SHORT-ROOT and SCARECROW. [PMID: 23444357] Mutations in three GRAS family transcription factors, SHORT-ROOT (SHR), SCARECROW (SCR) and SCARECROW-LIKE 23 (SCL23), affect BS cell fate in Arabidopsis thaliana. [PMID: 24517883] These results suggest that endogenous L-cysteine level acts to maintain root stem cell niche by regulating basal- and auxin-induced expression of PLT1/2 and SCR/SHR. [PMID: 24798139] SHR can move from multiple different cell types in the root. Analysis of subcellular localization indicates that in the cytoplasm of root or leaf cells, SHR localizes to endosomes in a SIEL-dependent manner. [PMID: 25124761] all of the SHR proteins function as mobile signals [PMID: 25352666] Arabidopsis adventitious root formation and xylogenesis are developmental programmes that are inversely related, but they involve fine-tuning by the same proteins, namely SHR, SCR and AUX1. [PMID: 25617411] our study suggests that PHB can dynamically regulate TA cell activities in a QC-independent manner, and that the SHR-PHB pathway enables a robust root growth system by coordinating the stem cell niche and TA domain. [PMID: 25730098] Data show that SCARECROW-LIKE23 (SCL23) is a mobile protein that controls movement of SHORT-ROOT (SHR) and acts redundantly with SCARCROW (SCR) to specify endodermal fate in the root meristem. [PMID: 26415082] Data indicate that SEUSS (SEU) gene has distinct genetic interactions with SHORT-ROOT (SHR), SCARECROW (SCR), and SCARECROW-LIKE3 (SCL3) genes. [PMID: 26818732] results provide new insights into the regulatory role of the SHR-SCR-SCL23 network in the endodermis development in both roots and shoots. [PMID: 27353361] SHORT-ROOT Deficiency Alleviates the Cell Death Phenotype of the Arabidopsis catalase2 Mutant under Photorespiration-Promoting Conditions [PMID: 27432873] modeling, transcriptional reporters, and synthetic promoters support a mechanism whereby expression at the top of the SHORTROOT-SCARECROW cascade is established through opposing activities of activators and repressors [PMID: 27923776] In the crystal structures of the SHR-SCR binary and JACKDAW (JKD)/IDD10-SHR-SCR ternary complexes, each GRAS domain comprises one alpha/beta core subdomain with an alpha-helical cap that mediates heterodimerization by forming an intermolecular helix bundle. [PMID: 28211915] Arabidopsis thaliana SHORT ROOT protein SHR gene, rice OsSHR1 and OsSHR2, could complement the A. thaliana shr mutant. [PMID: 28263767] This study showed that INDETERMINATE DOMAIN PROTEIN (ID) binding sequences have a crucial role in the regulation of SCARECROW and SHORT-ROOT expression.[SHR] [PMID: 28324206] This study showed that INDETERMINATE DOMAIN PROTEIN binding sequences have a crucial role in the regulation of SCARECROW and SHORT-ROOT expression. [PMID: 28324206] interaction of KinG with SHR allows for the formation of stable movement complexes that facilitate the cell-to-cell transport of SHR. [PMID: 29122988]

Cis-element ? help Back to Top
Source	Link
PlantRegMap	AT4G37650.1

Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator	Target Gene
PlantRegMap	Retrieve	Retrieve

Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Upstream Regulators) ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM	AT1G19220 (R), AT4G32880 (A), AT5G20730 (R)

Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Target Genes) ? help Back to Top
Source	Target Gene (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM	AT1G03840(A), AT1G50420(A), AT3G54220(A), AT5G03150(A)

Interaction ? help Back to Top
Source	Intact With
BioGRID	AT5G41920
IntAct	Search Q9SZF7

Phenotype -- Mutation ? help Back to Top
Source	ID
T-DNA Express	AT4G37650

Annotation -- Nucleotide ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
GenBank	AF233752	0.0	AF233752.1 Arabidopsis thaliana short-root protein (shr) gene, complete cds.
GenBank	AL035605	0.0	AL035605.1 Arabidopsis thaliana DNA chromosome 4, BAC clone F19F18 (ESSA project).
GenBank	AL161591	0.0	AL161591.2 Arabidopsis thaliana DNA chromosome 4, contig fragment No. 87.
GenBank	BT033026	0.0	BT033026.1 Arabidopsis thaliana unknown protein (At4g37650) mRNA, complete cds.
GenBank	CP002687	0.0	CP002687.1 Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 4 sequence.

Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
Refseq	NP_195480.1	0.0	GRAS family transcription factor
Swissprot	Q9SZF7	0.0	SHR_ARATH; Protein SHORT-ROOT
TrEMBL	A0A178UYJ6	0.0	A0A178UYJ6_ARATH; SHR
STRING	AT4G37650.1	0.0	(Arabidopsis thaliana)

Orthologous Group ? help Back to Top
Lineage	Orthologous Group ID	Taxa Number	Gene Number
Malvids	OGEM6104	25	47
Representative plant	OGRP2755	13	32

Link Out ? help Back to Top
Phytozome	AT4G37650.1
Entrez Gene	829919
iHOP	AT4G37650
wikigenes	AT4G37650

Publications ? help Back to Top
Tasaka M,Kato T,Fukaki H The endodermis and shoot gravitropism Trends Plant Sci., 1999. 4(3): p. 103-7 [PMID:10322541] Helariutta Y, et al. The SHORT-ROOT gene controls radial patterning of the Arabidopsis root through radial signaling. Cell, 2000. 101(5): p. 555-67 [PMID:10850497] Riechmann JL, et al. Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes. Science, 2000. 290(5499): p. 2105-10 [PMID:11118137] Sassa N,Matsushita Y,Nakamura T,Nyunoya H The molecular characterization and in situ expression pattern of pea SCARECROW gene. Plant Cell Physiol., 2001. 42(4): p. 385-94 [PMID:11333309] Nakajima K,Sena G,Nawy T,Benfey PN Intercellular movement of the putative transcription factor SHR in root patterning. Nature, 2001. 413(6853): p. 307-11 [PMID:11565032] Barton MK Giving meaning to movement. Cell, 2001. 107(2): p. 129-32 [PMID:11672520] Kato T,Morita MT,Tasaka M Role of endodermal cell vacuoles in shoot gravitropism. J. Plant Growth Regul., 2002. 21(2): p. 113-9 [PMID:12024223] Mylona P,Linstead P,Martienssen R,Dolan L SCHIZORIZA controls an asymmetric cell division and restricts epidermal identity in the Arabidopsis root. Development, 2002. 129(18): p. 4327-34 [PMID:12183384] Sabatini S,Heidstra R,Wildwater M,Scheres B SCARECROW is involved in positioning the stem cell niche in the Arabidopsis root meristem. Genes Dev., 2003. 17(3): p. 354-8 [PMID:12569126] Yamada K, et al. Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome. Science, 2003. 302(5646): p. 842-6 [PMID:14593172] J Growing up green: cellular basis of plant development. Mech. Dev., 2003. 120(11): p. 1395-406 [PMID:14623445] Suzuki T, et al. A novel Arabidopsis gene TONSOKU is required for proper cell arrangement in root and shoot apical meristems. Plant J., 2004. 38(4): p. 673-84 [PMID:15125773] Sena G,Jung JW,Benfey PN A broad competence to respond to SHORT ROOT revealed by tissue-specific ectopic expression. Development, 2004. 131(12): p. 2817-26 [PMID:15142972] Heidstra R,Welch D,Scheres B Mosaic analyses using marked activation and deletion clones dissect Arabidopsis SCARECROW action in asymmetric cell division. Genes Dev., 2004. 18(16): p. 1964-9 [PMID:15314023] Aida M, et al. The PLETHORA genes mediate patterning of the Arabidopsis root stem cell niche. Cell, 2004. 119(1): p. 109-20 [PMID:15454085] Gallagher KL,Paquette AJ,Nakajima K,Benfey PN Mechanisms regulating SHORT-ROOT intercellular movement. Curr. Biol., 2004. 14(20): p. 1847-51 [PMID:15498493] Montiel G,Gantet P,Jay-Allemand C,Breton C Transcription factor networks. Pathways to the knowledge of root development. Plant Physiol., 2004. 136(3): p. 3478-85 [PMID:15542499] Paquette AJ,Benfey PN Maturation of the ground tissue of the root is regulated by gibberellin and SCARECROW and requires SHORT-ROOT. Plant Physiol., 2005. 138(2): p. 636-40 [PMID:15955927] Fukaki H,Nakao Y,Okushima Y,Theologis A,Tasaka M Tissue-specific expression of stabilized SOLITARY-ROOT/IAA14 alters lateral root development in Arabidopsis. Plant J., 2005. 44(3): p. 382-95 [PMID:16236149] Kurata T, et al. Cell-to-cell movement of the CAPRICE protein in Arabidopsis root epidermal cell differentiation. Development, 2005. 132(24): p. 5387-98 [PMID:16291794] Xu J, et al. A molecular framework for plant regeneration. Science, 2006. 311(5759): p. 385-8 [PMID:16424342] Levesque MP, et al. Whole-genome analysis of the SHORT-ROOT developmental pathway in Arabidopsis. PLoS Biol., 2006. 4(5): p. e143 [PMID:16640459] Imin N,Nizamidin M,Wu T,Rolfe BG Factors involved in root formation in Medicago truncatula. J. Exp. Bot., 2007. 58(3): p. 439-51 [PMID:17158109] Dello Ioio R, et al. Cytokinins determine Arabidopsis root-meristem size by controlling cell differentiation. Curr. Biol., 2007. 17(8): p. 678-82 [PMID:17363254] Cui H, et al. An evolutionarily conserved mechanism delimiting SHR movement defines a single layer of endodermis in plants. Science, 2007. 316(5823): p. 421-5 [PMID:17446396] Welch D, et al. Arabidopsis JACKDAW and MAGPIE zinc finger proteins delimit asymmetric cell division and stabilize tissue boundaries by restricting SHORT-ROOT action. Genes Dev., 2007. 21(17): p. 2196-204 [PMID:17785527] Zentella R, et al. Global analysis of della direct targets in early gibberellin signaling in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2007. 19(10): p. 3037-57 [PMID:17933900] Ten Hove CA,Heidstra R Who begets whom? Plant cell fate determination by asymmetric cell division. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 2008. 11(1): p. 34-41 [PMID:18162432] Lee MH, et al. Large-scale analysis of the GRAS gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Mol. Biol., 2008. 67(6): p. 659-70 [PMID:18500650] Sol Characterization and expression of a Pinus radiata putative ortholog to the Arabidopsis SHORT-ROOT gene. Tree Physiol., 2008. 28(11): p. 1629-39 [PMID:18765368] Iyer-Pascuzzi AS,Benfey PN Transcriptional networks in root cell fate specification. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2009. 1789(4): p. 315-25 [PMID:18973837] Gallagher KL,Benfey PN Both the conserved GRAS domain and nuclear localization are required for SHORT-ROOT movement. Plant J., 2009. 57(5): p. 785-97 [PMID:19000160] Miyashima S,Hashimoto T,Nakajima K ARGONAUTE1 acts in Arabidopsis root radial pattern formation independently of the SHR/SCR pathway. Plant Cell Physiol., 2009. 50(3): p. 626-34 [PMID:19188262] Roschzttardtz H,Conéjéro G,Curie C,Mari S Identification of the endodermal vacuole as the iron storage compartment in the Arabidopsis embryo. Plant Physiol., 2009. 151(3): p. 1329-38 [PMID:19726572] Carlsbecker A, et al. Cell signalling by microRNA165/6 directs gene dose-dependent root cell fate. Nature, 2010. 465(7296): p. 316-21 [PMID:20410882] Sozzani R, et al. Spatiotemporal regulation of cell-cycle genes by SHORTROOT links patterning and growth. Nature, 2010. 466(7302): p. 128-32 [PMID:20596025] Yu NI, et al. Characterization of SHORT-ROOT function in the Arabidopsis root vascular system. Mol. Cells, 2010. 30(2): p. 113-9 [PMID:20680487] Dhondt S, et al. SHORT-ROOT and SCARECROW regulate leaf growth in Arabidopsis by stimulating S-phase progression of the cell cycle. Plant Physiol., 2010. 154(3): p. 1183-95 [PMID:20739610] Lucas M, et al. Short-Root regulates primary, lateral, and adventitious root development in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 2011. 155(1): p. 384-98 [PMID:21030506] Zhou W, et al. Arabidopsis Tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase acts in the auxin/PLETHORA pathway in regulating postembryonic maintenance of the root stem cell niche. Plant Cell, 2010. 22(11): p. 3692-709 [PMID:21045165] Gardiner J,Donner TJ,Scarpella E Simultaneous activation of SHR and ATHB8 expression defines switch to preprocambial cell state in Arabidopsis leaf development. Dev. Dyn., 2011. 240(1): p. 261-70 [PMID:21128301] Heo JO, et al. Funneling of gibberellin signaling by the GRAS transcription regulator scarecrow-like 3 in the Arabidopsis root. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2011. 108(5): p. 2166-71 [PMID:21245304] Koizumi K,Wu S,MacRae-Crerar A,Gallagher KL An essential protein that interacts with endosomes and promotes movement of the SHORT-ROOT transcription factor. Curr. Biol., 2011. 21(18): p. 1559-64 [PMID:21924907] Ogasawara H,Kaimi R,Colasanti J,Kozaki A Activity of transcription factor JACKDAW is essential for SHR/SCR-dependent activation of SCARECROW and MAGPIE and is modulated by reciprocal interactions with MAGPIE, SCARECROW and SHORT ROOT. Plant Mol. Biol., 2011. 77(4-5): p. 489-99 [PMID:21935722] Cui H, et al. Genome-wide direct target analysis reveals a role for SHORT-ROOT in root vascular patterning through cytokinin homeostasis. Plant Physiol., 2011. 157(3): p. 1221-31 [PMID:21951467] Wu S,Koizumi K,Macrae-Crerar A,Gallagher KL Assessing the utility of photoswitchable fluorescent proteins for tracking intercellular protein movement in the Arabidopsis root. PLoS ONE, 2011. 6(11): p. e27536 [PMID:22132108] Wang J, et al. Reduced expression of the SHORT-ROOT gene increases the rates of growth and development in hybrid poplar and Arabidopsis. PLoS ONE, 2011. 6(12): p. e28878 [PMID:22194939] Furuta K,Lichtenberger R,Helariutta Y The role of mobile small RNA species during root growth and development. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 2012. 24(2): p. 211-6 [PMID:22227227] Pauluzzi G, et al. Surfing along the root ground tissue gene network. Dev. 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