PlantTFDB - Plant Transcription Factor Database @ CBI, PKU

PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0

Plant Transcription Factor Database

Transcription Factor Information

Basic Information | Signature Domain | Sequence |

Basic Information? help Back to Top

TF ID

AT3G06120.1

Common Name

BHLH45, EN20, F28L1.6, MUTE

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana

Taxonomic ID

3702

Taxonomic Lineage

cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis

Family

bHLH

Protein Properties

Length: 202aa MW: 22842.5 Da PI: 9.5833

Description

bHLH family protein

Gene Model

Gene Model ID	Type	Source	Coding Sequence
AT3G06120.1	genome	TAIR	View CDS

Signature Domain? help Back to Top

No.	Domain	Score	E-value	Start	End	HMM Start	HMM End
1	HLH	37	6.2e-12	2	50	4	55
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHCTSCCC...TTS-STCHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CS HLH 4 ahnerErrRRdriNsafeeLrellPkaskapskKlsKaeiLekAveYIksLq 55 +h ++Er+RR+++N+ + Lr+l P + k+ + a+i ++e+Ik+Lq AT3G06120.1 2 SHIAVERNRRRQMNEHLKSLRSLTPCF---YIKRGDQASIIGGVIEFIKELQ 50 89**********************9...9******************9 PP

Protein Features ? help Back to Top

Database	Entry ID	E-value	Start	End	InterPro ID	Description
CDD	cd00083	7.44E-12	1	54	No hit	No description
PROSITE profile	PS50888	14.684	1	49	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
SuperFamily	SSF47459	1.7E-15	1	67	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
Gene3D	G3DSA:4.10.280.10	5.2E-12	2	61	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
Pfam	PF00010	4.5E-9	2	50	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
SMART	SM00353	8.0E-11	4	55	IPR011598	Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain

Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term	GO Category	GO Description
GO:0006355	Biological Process	regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0009913	Biological Process	epidermal cell differentiation
GO:0010374	Biological Process	stomatal complex development
GO:0005634	Cellular Component	nucleus
GO:0003677	Molecular Function	DNA binding
GO:0003700	Molecular Function	transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0046983	Molecular Function	protein dimerization activity

Plant Ontology ? help Back to Top
PO Term	PO Category	PO Description
PO:0000293	anatomy	guard cell
PO:0000351	anatomy	guard mother cell
PO:0004011	anatomy	initial cell

Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence Length: 202 aa Download sequence Send to blast
MSHIAVERNR RRQMNEHLKS LRSLTPCFYI KRGDQASIIG GVIEFIKELQ QLVQVLESKK 60 RRKTLNRPSF PYDHQTIEPS SLGAATTRVP FSRIENVMTT STFKEVGACC NSPHANVEAK 120 ISGSNVVLRV VSRRIVGQLV KIISVLEKLS FQVLHLNISS MEETVLYFFV VKIGLECHLS 180 LEELTLEVQK SFVSDEVIVS TN

Nucleic Localization Signal ? help Back to Top

No.	Start	End	Sequence
1	58	62	KKRRK

Expression -- Microarray ? help Back to Top
Source	ID	E-value
Genevisible	256395_at	0.0
Expression Atlas	AT3G06120	-
AtGenExpress	AT3G06120	-
ATTED-II	AT3G06120	-

Expression -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
Uniprot	DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Strongly expressed in meristemoids and at lower levels in guard mother cells (GMCs) and guard cells. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17183265, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17183267}.
Uniprot	TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Leaf epidermis and flowers. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12679534, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17183265}.

Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
TAIR	Encodes a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein that controls meristemoid differentiation during stomatal development. In the absence of MUTE, meristemoids abort after excessive asymmetric divisions and fail to differentiate stomata.
UniProt	Transcription factor. Together with FMA and SPCH, regulates the stomata formation. Required for the differentiation of stomatal guard cells, by promoting successive asymmetric cell divisions and the formation of guard mother cells. Promotes the conversion of the leaf epidermis into stomata. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17183265, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17183267}.

Function -- GeneRIF ? help Back to Top
We report that MUTE controls downstream events directing stomatal differentiation and that MUTE is required for the production of the structure evolutionarily related to stomata, the hydathode pore. [PMID: 18450784] regulates cell-cell interaction involved in stomatal development. [PMID: 18453151] Timely MUTE expression is essential to prevent stomatal fate in SLGCs and to promote their differentiation as pavement cells. [PMID: 23662679] Here, the authors report that EPF1 and its primary receptor ERECTA-LIKE1 (ERL1) target MUTE, a transcription factor specifying the proliferation-to-differentiation switch within the stomatal cell lineages. In turn, MUTE directly induces ERL1. [PMID: 28266915] regulatory network initiated by MUTE represents an incoherent type 1 feed-forward loop [PMID: 29738710]

Cis-element ? help Back to Top
Source	Link
PlantRegMap	AT3G06120.1

Regulation -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
UniProt	INDUCTION: By UV, flagellin, and jasmonic acid (JA) treatments. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12679534}.

Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator	Target Gene
PlantRegMap	Retrieve	-

Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Upstream Regulators) ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM	AT3G24650 (A)

Interaction ? help Back to Top
Source	Intact With
BioGRID	AT3G26744, AT1G12860

Phenotype -- Mutation ? help Back to Top
Source	ID
T-DNA Express	AT3G06120

Annotation -- Nucleotide ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
GenBank	AF488580	0.0	AF488580.1 Arabidopsis thaliana clone bHLH045 putative bHLH transcription factor mRNA, partial sequence.
GenBank	DQ863645	0.0	DQ863645.1 Arabidopsis thaliana helix-loop-helix protein (MUTE) mRNA, complete cds.

Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
Refseq	NP_187263.1	1e-146	basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding superfamily protein
Swissprot	Q9M8K6	1e-147	MUTE_ARATH; Transcription factor MUTE
TrEMBL	A0A178VCY0	1e-144	A0A178VCY0_ARATH; MUTE
STRING	AT3G06120.1	1e-145	(Arabidopsis thaliana)

Orthologous Group ? help Back to Top
Lineage	Orthologous Group ID	Taxa Number	Gene Number
Malvids	OGEM7073	26	40
Representative plant	OGRP253	15	131

Link Out ? help Back to Top
Phytozome	AT3G06120.1
Entrez Gene	819785
iHOP	AT3G06120
wikigenes	AT3G06120

Publications ? help Back to Top
Rojas A,Almoguera C,Jordano J Transcriptional activation of a heat shock gene promoter in sunflower embryos: synergism between ABI3 and heat shock factors. Plant J., 1999. 20(5): p. 601-10 [PMID:10652132] Riechmann JL, et al. Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes. Science, 2000. 290(5499): p. 2105-10 [PMID:11118137] Heim MA, et al. The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor family in plants: a genome-wide study of protein structure and functional diversity. Mol. Biol. Evol., 2003. 20(5): p. 735-47 [PMID:12679534] Toledo-Ortiz G,Huq E,Quail PH The Arabidopsis basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor family. Plant Cell, 2003. 15(8): p. 1749-70 [PMID:12897250] Underwood BA,Vanderhaeghen R,Whitford R,Town CD,Hilson P Simultaneous high-throughput recombinational cloning of open reading frames in closed and open configurations. Plant Biotechnol. J., 2006. 4(3): p. 317-24 [PMID:17147637] MacAlister CA,Ohashi-Ito K,Bergmann DC Transcription factor control of asymmetric cell divisions that establish the stomatal lineage. Nature, 2007. 445(7127): p. 537-40 [PMID:17183265] Pillitteri LJ,Sloan DB,Bogenschutz NL,Torii KU Termination of asymmetric cell division and differentiation of stomata. Nature, 2007. 445(7127): p. 501-5 [PMID:17183267] Gray JE Plant development: three steps for stomata. Curr. Biol., 2007. 17(6): p. R213-5 [PMID:17371761] Pillitteri LJ,Torii KU Breaking the silence: three bHLH proteins direct cell-fate decisions during stomatal development. Bioessays, 2007. 29(9): p. 861-70 [PMID:17691100] Serna L bHLH proteins know when to make a stoma. Trends Plant Sci., 2007. 12(11): p. 483-5 [PMID:17928257] Casson S,Gray JE Influence of environmental factors on stomatal development. New Phytol., 2008. 178(1): p. 9-23 [PMID:18266617] Pillitteri LJ,Bogenschutz NL,Torii KU The bHLH protein, MUTE, controls differentiation of stomata and the hydathode pore in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Physiol., 2008. 49(6): p. 934-43 [PMID:18450784] Ohashi-Ito K [Three bHLH master regulators and cell-cell interaction involved in stomatal development] Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso, 2008. 53(6): p. 747-52 [PMID:18453151] Kanaoka MM, et al. SCREAM/ICE1 and SCREAM2 specify three cell-state transitional steps leading to arabidopsis stomatal differentiation. Plant Cell, 2008. 20(7): p. 1775-85 [PMID:18641265] Serna L Emerging parallels between stomatal and muscle cell lineages. Plant Physiol., 2009. 149(4): p. 1625-31 [PMID:19201912] Liu T,Ohashi-Ito K,Bergmann DC Orthologs of Arabidopsis thaliana stomatal bHLH genes and regulation of stomatal development in grasses. Development, 2009. 136(13): p. 2265-76 [PMID:19502487] Serna L Cell fate transitions during stomatal development. Bioessays, 2009. 31(8): p. 865-73 [PMID:19565615] Torii KU,Kanaoka MM,Pillitteri LJ,Bogenschutz NL Stomatal development: three steps for cell-type differentiation. Plant Signal Behav, 2007. 2(4): p. 311-3 [PMID:19704632] Kang CY,Lian HL,Wang FF,Huang JR,Yang HQ Cryptochromes, phytochromes, and COP1 regulate light-controlled stomatal development in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2009. 21(9): p. 2624-41 [PMID:19794114] Peterson KM,Rychel AL,Torii KU Out of the mouths of plants: the molecular basis of the evolution and diversity of stomatal development. Plant Cell, 2010. 22(2): p. 296-306 [PMID:20179138] Skinner MK,Rawls A,Wilson-Rawls J,Roalson EH Basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene family phylogenetics and nomenclature. Differentiation, 2010. 80(1): p. 1-8 [PMID:20219281] MacAlister CA,Bergmann DC Sequence and function of basic helix-loop-helix proteins required for stomatal development in Arabidopsis are deeply conserved in land plants. Evol. Dev., 2011 Mar-Apr. 13(2): p. 182-92 [PMID:21410874] Serna L Stomatal development in Arabidopsis and grasses: differences and commonalities. Int. J. Dev. Biol., 2011. 55(1): p. 5-10 [PMID:21425077] Pillitteri LJ,Peterson KM,Horst RJ,Torii KU Molecular profiling of stomatal meristemoids reveals new component of asymmetric cell division and commonalities among stem cell populations in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2011. 23(9): p. 3260-75 [PMID:21963668] Yang J,Isabel Ordiz M,Jaworski JG,Beachy RN Induced accumulation of cuticular waxes enhances drought tolerance in Arabidopsis by changes in development of stomata. Plant Physiol. Biochem., 2011. 49(12): p. 1448-55 [PMID:22078383] Tanaka Y,Nose T,Jikumaru Y,Kamiya Y ABA inhibits entry into stomatal-lineage development in Arabidopsis leaves. Plant J., 2013. 74(3): p. 448-57 [PMID:23373882] Trivi Timely expression of the Arabidopsis stoma-fate master regulator MUTE is required for specification of other epidermal cell types. Plant J., 2013. 75(5): p. 808-22 [PMID:23662679] Niwa T, et al. EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR LIKE5 peptide represses stomatal development by inhibiting meristemoid maintenance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 2013. 77(6): p. 1287-95 [PMID:23748792] Balcerowicz M,Ranjan A,Rupprecht L,Fiene G,Hoecker U Auxin represses stomatal development in dark-grown seedlings via Aux/IAA proteins. Development, 2014. 141(16): p. 3165-76 [PMID:25063454] Jin J, et al. An Arabidopsis Transcriptional Regulatory Map Reveals Distinct Functional and Evolutionary Features of Novel Transcription Factors. Mol. Biol. Evol., 2015. 32(7): p. 1767-73 [PMID:25750178] de Marcos A, et al. Transcriptional profiles of Arabidopsis stomataless mutants reveal developmental and physiological features of life in the absence of stomata. Front Plant Sci, 2015. 6: p. 456 [PMID:26157447] Mahoney AK, et al. Functional analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana MUTE promoter reveals a regulatory region sufficient for stomatal-lineage expression. Planta, 2016. 243(4): p. 987-98 [PMID:26748914] Klermund C, et al. LLM-Domain B-GATA Transcription Factors Promote Stomatal Development Downstream of Light Signaling Pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana Hypocotyls. Plant Cell, 2016. 28(3): p. 646-60 [PMID:26917680] Fu ZW,Wang YL,Lu YT,Yuan TT Nitric oxide is involved in stomatal development by modulating the expression of stomatal regulator genes in Arabidopsis. Plant Sci., 2016. 252: p. 282-289 [PMID:27717464] Qi X, et al. Autocrine regulation of stomatal differentiation potential by EPF1 and ERECTA-LIKE1 ligand-receptor signaling. Elife, 2018. [PMID:28266915] Raissig MT, et al. Mobile MUTE specifies subsidiary cells to build physiologically improved grass stomata. Science, 2017. 355(6330): p. 1215-1218 [PMID:28302860] Lee JH,Jung JH,Park CM Light Inhibits COP1-Mediated Degradation of ICE Transcription Factors to Induce Stomatal Development in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2017. 29(11): p. 2817-2830 [PMID:29070509] Han SK, et al. MUTE Directly Orchestrates Cell-State Switch and the Single Symmetric Division to Create Stomata. Dev. Cell, 2018. 45(3): p. 303-315.e5 [PMID:29738710]