PlantTFDB - Plant Transcription Factor Database @ CBI, PKU

PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0

Plant Transcription Factor Database

Transcription Factor Information

Basic Information | Signature Domain | Sequence |

Basic Information? help Back to Top

TF ID

AT3G03450.1

Common Name

RGL2, SCL19, T21P5.13

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana

Taxonomic ID

3702

Taxonomic Lineage

cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis

Family

GRAS

Protein Properties

Length: 547aa MW: 60493.9 Da PI: 4.5543

Description

RGA-like 2

Gene Model

Gene Model ID	Type	Source	Coding Sequence
AT3G03450.1	genome	TAIR	View CDS

Signature Domain? help Back to Top

No.	Domain	Score	E-value	Start	End	HMM Start	HMM End
1	GRAS	453.4	1.4e-138	180	545	1	374
GRAS 1 lvelLlecAeavssgdlelaqalLarlselaspdgdpmqRlaayfteALaarlarsvselykalppsetseknsseelaalklfsevsPilkfshlta 98 lv++L++cAea+++++l+la+al++r+ +la +++ +m ++a+yf++ALa+r++r + ++++ + + + s e f+e +P+lkf+h+ta AT3G03450.1 180 LVHALVACAEAIHQENLNLADALVKRVGTLAGSQAGAMGKVATYFAQALARRIYR--DYTAETDVCAAVN---PSFEEVLEMHFYESCPYLKFAHFTA 272 689**************************************************..4455444555554...2333333346*********** PP GRAS 99 NqaIleavegeervHiiDfdisqGlQWpaLlqaLasRpegppslRiTgvgspesgskeeleetgerLakfAeelgvpfefnvlvakrledleleeLrv 196 NqaIleav +++rvH+iD++++qG+QWpaL+qaLa Rp+gpps+R+Tg+g+p+++++++l+++g++La+fA+++gv+fef+ l+a++l+dle+e++++ AT3G03450.1 273 NQAILEAVTTARRVHVIDLGLNQGMQWPALMQALALRPGGPPSFRLTGIGPPQTENSDSLQQLGWKLAQFAQNMGVEFEFKGLAAESLSDLEPEMFET 370 ********************************************************************************************** PP GRAS 197 kp.gEalaVnlvlqlhrlldesvsleserdevLklvkslsPkvvvvveqeadhnsesFlerflealeyysalfdsleaklpreseerikvErellgre 293 +p E+l+Vn+v++lhrll++s+s+e+ +L++vk ++P +v+vveqea+hn+ Fl+rf eal+yys+lfdsle +++ s++r ++++++lgr+ AT3G03450.1 371 RPeSETLVVNSVFELHRLLARSGSIEK----LLNTVKAIKPSIVTVVEQEANHNGIVFLDRFNEALHYYSSLFDSLEDSYSLPSQDR-VMSEVYLGRQ 463 9**********************....********************************************87777666.567778 PP GRAS 294 ivnvvacegaerrerhetlekWrerleeaGFkpvplsekaakqaklllrkvk.sdgyrveeesgslvlgWkdrpLvsvSaWr 374 i nvva+eg++r+erhet+++Wr r+++aGF p++l+++a kqa++ll+ ++ +dgyrvee++g+l++gW++rpL+++SaW+ AT3G03450.1 464 ILNVVAAEGSDRVERHETAAQWRIRMKSAGFDPIHLGSSAFKQASMLLSLYAtGDGYRVEENDGCLMIGWQTRPLITTSAWK 545 *******************************************************************************8 PP

Protein Features ? help Back to Top

Database	Entry ID	E-value	Start	End	InterPro ID	Description
SMART	SM01129	1.3E-39	44	115	No hit	No description
Pfam	PF12041	2.8E-33	44	109	IPR021914	Transcriptional factor DELLA, N-terminal
PROSITE profile	PS50985	67.381	154	524	IPR005202	Transcription factor GRAS
Pfam	PF03514	4.8E-136	180	545	IPR005202	Transcription factor GRAS

Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term	GO Category	GO Description
GO:0006355	Biological Process	regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0006952	Biological Process	defense response
GO:0009723	Biological Process	response to ethylene
GO:0009737	Biological Process	response to abscisic acid
GO:0009739	Biological Process	response to gibberellin
GO:0009863	Biological Process	salicylic acid mediated signaling pathway
GO:0009867	Biological Process	jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway
GO:0009908	Biological Process	flower development
GO:0009938	Biological Process	negative regulation of gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway
GO:0010187	Biological Process	negative regulation of seed germination
GO:0030154	Biological Process	cell differentiation
GO:0042538	Biological Process	hyperosmotic salinity response
GO:2000033	Biological Process	regulation of seed dormancy process
GO:2000377	Biological Process	regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process
GO:0005634	Cellular Component	nucleus
GO:0003700	Molecular Function	transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0005515	Molecular Function	protein binding
GO:0043565	Molecular Function	sequence-specific DNA binding

Plant Ontology ? help Back to Top
PO Term	PO Category	PO Description
PO:0000013	anatomy	cauline leaf
PO:0000037	anatomy	shoot apex
PO:0000230	anatomy	inflorescence meristem
PO:0000293	anatomy	guard cell
PO:0008019	anatomy	leaf lamina base
PO:0009005	anatomy	root
PO:0009006	anatomy	shoot system
PO:0009009	anatomy	plant embryo
PO:0009010	anatomy	seed
PO:0009025	anatomy	vascular leaf
PO:0009029	anatomy	stamen
PO:0009030	anatomy	carpel
PO:0009031	anatomy	sepal
PO:0009032	anatomy	petal
PO:0009046	anatomy	flower
PO:0009047	anatomy	stem
PO:0009052	anatomy	flower pedicel
PO:0009089	anatomy	endosperm
PO:0019018	anatomy	plant embryo axis
PO:0020038	anatomy	petiole
PO:0020100	anatomy	hypocotyl
PO:0020137	anatomy	leaf apex
PO:0025022	anatomy	collective leaf structure
PO:0025281	anatomy	pollen
PO:0001054	developmental stage	vascular leaf senescent stage
PO:0001078	developmental stage	plant embryo cotyledonary stage
PO:0001081	developmental stage	mature plant embryo stage
PO:0001185	developmental stage	plant embryo globular stage
PO:0004507	developmental stage	plant embryo bilateral stage
PO:0007098	developmental stage	LP.02 two leaves visible stage
PO:0007103	developmental stage	LP.10 ten leaves visible stage
PO:0007115	developmental stage	LP.04 four leaves visible stage
PO:0007123	developmental stage	LP.06 six leaves visible stage
PO:0007611	developmental stage	petal differentiation and expansion stage
PO:0007616	developmental stage	flowering stage
PO:0025374	developmental stage	seed dormant stage

Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence Length: 547 aa Download sequence Send to blast
MKRGYGETWD PPPKPLPASR SGEGPSMADK KKADDDNNNS NMDDELLAVL GYKVRSSEMA 60 EVAQKLEQLE MVLSNDDVGS TVLNDSVHYN PSDLSNWVES MLSELNNPAS SDLDTTRSCV 120 DRSEYDLRAI PGLSAFPKEE EVFDEEASSK RIRLGSWCES SDESTRSVVL VDSQETGVRL 180 VHALVACAEA IHQENLNLAD ALVKRVGTLA GSQAGAMGKV ATYFAQALAR RIYRDYTAET 240 DVCAAVNPSF EEVLEMHFYE SCPYLKFAHF TANQAILEAV TTARRVHVID LGLNQGMQWP 300 ALMQALALRP GGPPSFRLTG IGPPQTENSD SLQQLGWKLA QFAQNMGVEF EFKGLAAESL 360 SDLEPEMFET RPESETLVVN SVFELHRLLA RSGSIEKLLN TVKAIKPSIV TVVEQEANHN 420 GIVFLDRFNE ALHYYSSLFD SLEDSYSLPS QDRVMSEVYL GRQILNVVAA EGSDRVERHE 480 TAAQWRIRMK SAGFDPIHLG SSAFKQASML LSLYATGDGY RVEENDGCLM IGWQTRPLIT 540 TSAWKLA

Sequence ? help Back to Top

Protein Sequence Length: 547 aa Download sequence Send to blast

MKRGYGETWD PPPKPLPASR SGEGPSMADK KKADDDNNNS NMDDELLAVL GYKVRSSEMA  60
EVAQKLEQLE MVLSNDDVGS TVLNDSVHYN PSDLSNWVES MLSELNNPAS SDLDTTRSCV  120
DRSEYDLRAI PGLSAFPKEE EVFDEEASSK RIRLGSWCES SDESTRSVVL VDSQETGVRL  180
VHALVACAEA IHQENLNLAD ALVKRVGTLA GSQAGAMGKV ATYFAQALAR RIYRDYTAET  240
DVCAAVNPSF EEVLEMHFYE SCPYLKFAHF TANQAILEAV TTARRVHVID LGLNQGMQWP  300
ALMQALALRP GGPPSFRLTG IGPPQTENSD SLQQLGWKLA QFAQNMGVEF EFKGLAAESL  360
SDLEPEMFET RPESETLVVN SVFELHRLLA RSGSIEKLLN TVKAIKPSIV TVVEQEANHN  420
GIVFLDRFNE ALHYYSSLFD SLEDSYSLPS QDRVMSEVYL GRQILNVVAA EGSDRVERHE  480
TAAQWRIRMK SAGFDPIHLG SSAFKQASML LSLYATGDGY RVEENDGCLM IGWQTRPLIT  540
TSAWKLA

3D Structure ? help Back to Top

PDB ID	Evalue	Query Start	Query End	Hit Start	Hit End	Description
5b3g_A	1e-66	187	544	26	378	Protein SCARECROW
Search in ModeBase

Expression -- UniGene ? help Back to Top
UniGene ID	E-value	Expressed in
At.18489	0.0	bud\| floral meristem\| flower\| seed

Expression -- Microarray ? help Back to Top
Source	ID	E-value
GEO	30678851	0.0
Genevisible	259042_at	0.0
Expression Atlas	AT3G03450	-
AtGenExpress	AT3G03450	-
ATTED-II	AT3G03450	-

Expression -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
Uniprot	TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Predominantly expressed in germinating seeds, flowers and siliques. Only detectable in the inflorescence, with high levels in young flower buds and significant levels in siliques. In imbibed seeds, it is restricted to seed coats, elongating regions of pre-emergent and recently emerged radicles, endosperm (especially micropylar endosperm), and embryonic axis. Not expressed in leaves, bolting stems or roots. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11877383, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18941053, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19500306, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20093430, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20956298}.

Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
TAIR	Encodes a DELLA protein, a member of the GRAS superfamily of putative transcription factors. DELLA proteins restrain the cell proliferation and expansion that drives plant growth. Negative regulator of the response to GA in controlling seed germination. GA triggers the degradation of RGL2 protein in a process blocked by both proteasome inhibitors and serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitors. The protein undergoes degradation in response to GA via the 26S proteasome. RGL2 may be involved in reducing ROS accumulation in response to stress by up-regulating the transcription of superoxide dismutases. Rapidly degraded in response to GA. Regulates GA-promoted seed germination. Involved in flower and fruit development.
UniProt	Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Acts as a major GA-response repressor of seed germination, including seed thermoinhibition. Promotes the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA), especially in seed coats to maintain seed dormancy. Delays flowering and adult leaf production. Also regulates the floral development, petal, stamen and anther development, by repressing the continued growth of floral organs. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene. Involved in the regulation of seed dormancy and germination, including glucose-induced delay of seed germination. Promotes salt tolerance. Acts as a repressor of positive regulators of trichome initiation. Required during the flagellin-derived peptide flg22-mediated growth inhibition. Contributes to the susceptibility to the biotrophic pathogen P.syringae pv. tomato and to the resistance to the necrotrophic pathogens B.cinerea A.brassicicola, probably by repressing the SA-defense pathway and preventing cell death. Prevents stress-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation (e.g. salt stress) by acting on the ROS scavenging system, and delays ROS-induced cell death, thus promoting stress tolerance. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11877383, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12610625, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:14615596, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:14973286, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15128937, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16034591, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16400150, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16916886, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17141619, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17384169, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17704233, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18162586, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18450450, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18450451, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18941053, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20093430, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20956298}.

Function -- GeneRIF ? help Back to Top
We confirm that RGL2, one member of the DELLA family, encodes the predominant repressor of seed germination in Arabidopsis and show that the other DELLA genes GAI,RGA and RGL1 enhance the function of RGL2. [PMID: 16034591] role of conserved serine and threonine in GA signaling [PMID: 16167898] Four conserved tyrosine residues within the RGL2 protein are critical for gibberellin sensitivity in Arabidopsis. [PMID: 17333251] RGL2 disappearance is not a prerequisite for seed germination in the sly1 background. [PMID: 17384169] RGL2 inhibits Arabidopsis seed germination by stimulating abscisic acid synthesis [PMID: 18941053] Data documented that Lys-29 of ubiquitin is the major site for ubiquitin chain formation to mediate DELLA protein degradation that also required protein Ser/Thr dephosphorylation activity. The LZ domain is essential for both their stability and activity. [PMID: 19717618] The persistent high ABA levels in imbibed dormant seeds requires the permanent expression of the DELLA gene RGL2, where it remains insensitive to gibberellins (GA) unlike in nondormant seeds. [PMID: 20956298] RGL2 directly regulates several genes affecting various physiological aspects to inhibit germination. [PMID: 23035751] RGL2 promotes the entrance in secondary dormancy through ABI5 action. [PMID: 26177669] The data indicate that AtGASA6 links RGL2 and AtEXPA1 functions and plays a role as an integrator of gibberellin, abscisic acid, and glucose signaling, resulting in the regulation of seed germination through a promotion of cell elongation. [PMID: 26400990] NF-YC-RGL2-ABI5 module integrates gibberellic acid and abscisic acid signalling pathways during seed germination [PMID: 27624486] RGL2-containing protein complex can bind the promoter of GATA12 and thereby regulate its expression [PMID: 28917589]

Cis-element ? help Back to Top
Source	Link
PlantRegMap	AT3G03450.1

Regulation -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
UniProt	INDUCTION: Up-regulated transiently following seed imbibition to decline rapidly as germination proceeds; this induction is delayed at supraoptimal temperature conditions (e.g. 34 degrees Celsius). Accumulates in seed coats of dormant seeds where germination does not occur after imbibition. Increased levels upon abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Down-regulated by norflurazon (NF), an ABA biosynthesis inhibitor. Induced by stress such as glucose, salt or mannitol treatment. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11877383, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16916886, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17384169, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18162586, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18450450, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18941053, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20956298}.

Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator	Target Gene
PlantRegMap	Retrieve	Retrieve

Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Upstream Regulators) ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM	AT3G24650 (A)

Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Target Genes) ? help Back to Top
Source	Target Gene (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM	AT2G04240(A), AT2G27300(A), AT2G36270(A), AT2G41940(R), AT3G24650(A)

Regulation -- Hormone ? help Back to Top
Source	Hormone
AHD	abscisic acid, ethylene, gibberellin

Interaction ? help Back to Top
Source	Intact With
BioGRID	AT3G47620, AT3G62090, AT4G04890, AT4G21750, AT4G36930, AT5G66730, AT5G67110, AT1G08970, AT1G09530, AT1G32640, AT1G75080
IntAct	Search Q8GXW1

Phenotype -- Disruption Phenotype ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
UniProt	DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Higher germination rate in the presence of glucose and at supraoptimal temperature conditions. Rga, gai, rgl1, rgl2 and rgl3 pentuple mutant displays constitutive GA responses even in the absence of GA treatment. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16916886, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18162586, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23482857}.

Phenotype -- Mutation ? help Back to Top
Source	ID
T-DNA Express	AT3G03450

Annotation -- Nucleotide ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
GenBank	ATAC009895	0.0	AC009895.4 Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome III BAC T21P5 genomic sequence, complete sequence.
GenBank	CP002686	0.0	CP002686.1 Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3, complete sequence.
GenBank	GQ177758	0.0	GQ177758.1 Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Ag-0 RGL2 gene, complete sequence.
GenBank	GQ177766	0.0	GQ177766.1 Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Br-0 RGL2 gene, complete sequence.
GenBank	GQ177767	0.0	GQ177767.1 Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Ct-1 RGL2 gene, complete sequence.
GenBank	GQ177773	0.0	GQ177773.1 Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Ll-0 RGL2 gene, complete sequence.
GenBank	GQ177775	0.0	GQ177775.1 Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Ms-0 RGL2 gene, complete sequence.
GenBank	GQ177781	0.0	GQ177781.1 Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Nd-1 RGL2 gene, complete sequence.

Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
Refseq	NP_186995.1	0.0	RGA-like 2
Swissprot	Q8GXW1	0.0	RGL2_ARATH; DELLA protein RGL2
TrEMBL	A0A178VH73	0.0	A0A178VH73_ARATH; RGL2
STRING	AT3G03450.1	0.0	(Arabidopsis thaliana)

Orthologous Group ? help Back to Top
Lineage	Orthologous Group ID	Taxa Number	Gene Number
Malvids	OGEM837	28	121
Representative plant	OGRP1251	15	50

Link Out ? help Back to Top
Phytozome	AT3G03450.1
Entrez Gene	821251
iHOP	AT3G03450
wikigenes	AT3G03450

Publications ? help Back to Top
Pysh LD,Wysocka-Diller JW,Camilleri C,Bouchez D,Benfey PN The GRAS gene family in Arabidopsis: sequence characterization and basic expression analysis of the SCARECROW-LIKE genes. Plant J., 1999. 18(1): p. 111-9 [PMID:10341448] Riechmann JL, et al. Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes. Science, 2000. 290(5499): p. 2105-10 [PMID:11118137] Dill A,Sun T Synergistic derepression of gibberellin signaling by removing RGA and GAI function in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetics, 2001. 159(2): p. 777-85 [PMID:11606552] Wen CK,Chang C Arabidopsis RGL1 encodes a negative regulator of gibberellin responses. Plant Cell, 2002. 14(1): p. 87-100 [PMID:11826301] Lee S, et al. Gibberellin regulates Arabidopsis seed germination via RGL2, a GAI/RGA-like gene whose expression is up-regulated following imbibition. Genes Dev., 2002. 16(5): p. 646-58 [PMID:11877383] Seki M, et al. Functional annotation of a full-length Arabidopsis cDNA collection. Science, 2002. 296(5565): p. 141-5 [PMID:11910074] Peng J,Harberd NP The role of GA-mediated signalling in the control of seed germination. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 2002. 5(5): p. 376-81 [PMID:12183174] Fu X,Harberd NP Auxin promotes Arabidopsis root growth by modulating gibberellin response. Nature, 2003. 421(6924): p. 740-3 [PMID:12610625] Achard P,Vriezen WH,Van Der Straeten D,Harberd NP Ethylene regulates arabidopsis development via the modulation of DELLA protein growth repressor function. Plant Cell, 2003. 15(12): p. 2816-25 [PMID:14615596] Cheng H, et al. Gibberellin regulates Arabidopsis floral development via suppression of DELLA protein function. Development, 2004. 131(5): p. 1055-64 [PMID:14973286] Yu H, et al. Floral homeotic genes are targets of gibberellin signaling in flower development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2004. 101(20): p. 7827-32 [PMID:15128937] Tyler L, et al. Della proteins and gibberellin-regulated seed germination and floral development in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 2004. 135(2): p. 1008-19 [PMID:15173565] Strader LC,Ritchie S,Soule JD,McGinnis KM,Steber CM Recessive-interfering mutations in the gibberellin signaling gene SLEEPY1 are rescued by overexpression of its homologue, SNEEZY. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2004. 101(34): p. 12771-6 [PMID:15308775] Bassel GW,Zielinska E,Mullen RT,Bewley JD Down-regulation of DELLA genes is not essential for germination of tomato, soybean, and Arabidopsis seeds. Plant Physiol., 2004. 136(1): p. 2782-9 [PMID:15347801] Cao D,Hussain A,Cheng H,Peng J Loss of function of four DELLA genes leads to light- and gibberellin-independent seed germination in Arabidopsis. Planta, 2005. 223(1): p. 105-13 [PMID:16034591] Hussain A,Cao D,Cheng H,Wen Z,Peng J Identification of the conserved serine/threonine residues important for gibberellin-sensitivity of Arabidopsis RGL2 protein. Plant J., 2005. 44(1): p. 88-99 [PMID:16167898] Duarte JM, et al. Expression pattern shifts following duplication indicative of subfunctionalization and neofunctionalization in regulatory genes of Arabidopsis. Mol. Biol. Evol., 2006. 23(2): p. 469-78 [PMID:16280546] Ward JM, et al. A new role for the Arabidopsis AP2 transcription factor, LEAFY PETIOLE, in gibberellin-induced germination is revealed by the misexpression of a homologous gene, SOB2/DRN-LIKE. Plant Cell, 2006. 18(1): p. 29-39 [PMID:16339853] Achard P, et al. Integration of plant responses to environmentally activated phytohormonal signals. Science, 2006. 311(5757): p. 91-4 [PMID:16400150] Nakajima M, et al. Identification and characterization of Arabidopsis gibberellin receptors. Plant J., 2006. 46(5): p. 880-9 [PMID:16709201] Yuan K,Wysocka-Diller J Phytohormone signalling pathways interact with sugars during seed germination and seedling development. J. Exp. Bot., 2006. 57(12): p. 3359-67 [PMID:16916886] Penfield S,Gilday AD,Halliday KJ,Graham IA DELLA-mediated cotyledon expansion breaks coat-imposed seed dormancy. Curr. Biol., 2006. 16(23): p. 2366-70 [PMID:17141619] Carrera E, et al. Gene expression profiling reveals defined functions of the ATP-binding cassette transporter COMATOSE late in phase II of germination. Plant Physiol., 2007. 143(4): p. 1669-79 [PMID:17322332] Hussain A,Cao D,Peng J Identification of conserved tyrosine residues important for gibberellin sensitivity of Arabidopsis RGL2 protein. Planta, 2007. 226(2): p. 475-83 [PMID:17333251] Ariizumi T,Steber CM Seed germination of GA-insensitive sleepy1 mutants does not require RGL2 protein disappearance in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2007. 19(3): p. 791-804 [PMID:17384169] Gan Y,Yu H,Peng J,Broun P Genetic and molecular regulation by DELLA proteins of trichome development in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 2007. 145(3): p. 1031-42 [PMID:17704233] Toh S, et al. High temperature-induced abscisic acid biosynthesis and its role in the inhibition of gibberellin action in Arabidopsis seeds. Plant Physiol., 2008. 146(3): p. 1368-85 [PMID:18162586] Feng S, et al. Coordinated regulation of Arabidopsis thaliana development by light and gibberellins. Nature, 2008. 451(7177): p. 475-9 [PMID:18216856] Kim SG,Lee AK,Yoon HK,Park CM A membrane-bound NAC transcription factor NTL8 regulates gibberellic acid-mediated salt signaling in Arabidopsis seed germination. Plant J., 2008. 55(1): p. 77-88 [PMID:18363782] Achard P,Renou JP,Berthomé R,Harberd NP,Genschik P Plant DELLAs restrain growth and promote survival of adversity by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species. Curr. Biol., 2008. 18(9): p. 656-60 [PMID:18450450] Navarro L, et al. DELLAs control plant immune responses by modulating the balance of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling. Curr. Biol., 2008. 18(9): p. 650-5 [PMID:18450451] Piskurewicz U, et al. The gibberellic acid signaling repressor RGL2 inhibits Arabidopsis seed germination by stimulating abscisic acid synthesis and ABI5 activity. Plant Cell, 2008. 20(10): p. 2729-45 [PMID:18941053] Maymon I, et al. Cytosolic activity of SPINDLY implies the existence of a DELLA-independent gibberellin-response pathway. Plant J., 2009. 58(6): p. 979-88 [PMID:19228341] Cheng H, et al. Gibberellin acts through jasmonate to control the expression of MYB21, MYB24, and MYB57 to promote stamen filament growth in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet., 2009. 5(3): p. e1000440 [PMID:19325888] Suzuki H, et al. Differential expression and affinities of Arabidopsis gibberellin receptors can explain variation in phenotypes of multiple knock-out mutants. Plant J., 2009. 60(1): p. 48-55 [PMID:19500306] Piskurewicz U,Turecková V,Lacombe E,Lopez-Molina L Far-red light inhibits germination through DELLA-dependent stimulation of ABA synthesis and ABI3 activity. EMBO J., 2009. 28(15): p. 2259-71 [PMID:19556968] Wang F, et al. Biochemical insights on degradation of Arabidopsis DELLA proteins gained from a cell-free assay system. Plant Cell, 2009. 21(8): p. 2378-90 [PMID:19717618] Gallego-Bartolomé J, et al. Transcriptional diversification and functional conservation between DELLA proteins in Arabidopsis. Mol. Biol. Evol., 2010. 27(6): p. 1247-56 [PMID:20093430] Arnaud N, et al. Gibberellins control fruit patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes Dev., 2010. 24(19): p. 2127-32 [PMID:20889713] Lee KP,Piskurewicz U,Tureckov A seed coat bedding assay shows that RGL2-dependent release of abscisic acid by the endosperm controls embryo growth in Arabidopsis dormant seeds. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2010. 107(44): p. 19108-13 [PMID:20956298] Shin R,Jez JM,Basra A,Zhang B,Schachtman DP 14-3-3 proteins fine-tune plant nutrient metabolism. 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