PlantTFDB
PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0
Plant Transcription Factor Database
Transcription Factor Information
Basic Information | Signature Domain | Sequence | 
Basic Information? help Back to Top
TF ID AT2G45660.1
Common NameAGL20, ATSOC1, F17K2.19, SOC1
Organism
Taxonomic ID
Taxonomic Lineage
cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Family MIKC_MADS
Protein Properties Length: 214aa    MW: 24533 Da    PI: 9.4279
Description AGAMOUS-like 20
Gene Model
Gene Model ID Type Source Coding Sequence
AT2G45660.1genomeTAIRView CDS
Signature Domain? help Back to Top
Signature Domain
No. Domain Score E-value Start End HMM Start HMM End
1SRF-TF95.72.1e-30959151
                 S---SHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHT-EEEEEEE-TTSEEEEEE- CS
       SRF-TF  1 krienksnrqvtfskRrngilKKAeELSvLCdaevaviifsstgklyeyss 51
                 krien + rqvtfskRrng+lKKA+ELSvLCdaev++iifs++gklye++s
  AT2G45660.1  9 KRIENATSRQVTFSKRRNGLLKKAFELSVLCDAEVSLIIFSPKGKLYEFAS 59
                 79***********************************************86 PP

2K-box95.31e-3177171498
        K-box   4 ssgksleeakaeslqqelakLkkeienLqreqRhllGedLesLslkeLqqLeqqLekslkkiRskKnellleqieelqkkekelqeenkaLrkkl 98 
                   s+k ++e+++++l+ e+a++ k+ie+L+ ++R+llGe+++++s++eLqq+eqqLeks+k iR++K+++++eqie+l++kek+l  en++L++k+
  AT2G45660.1  77 VSTKPVSEENMQHLKYEAANMMKKIEQLEASKRKLLGEGIGTCSIEELQQIEQQLEKSVKCIRARKTQVFKEQIEQLKQKEKALAAENEKLSEKW 171
                  566779**************************************************************************************997 PP

Protein Features ? help Back to Top
3D Structure
Database Entry ID E-value Start End InterPro ID Description
SMARTSM004323.8E-41160IPR002100Transcription factor, MADS-box
PROSITE profilePS5006631.735161IPR002100Transcription factor, MADS-box
PRINTSPR004048.0E-31323IPR002100Transcription factor, MADS-box
CDDcd002657.82E-42378No hitNo description
SuperFamilySSF554551.03E-33383IPR002100Transcription factor, MADS-box
PROSITE patternPS003500357IPR002100Transcription factor, MADS-box
PfamPF003192.0E-261057IPR002100Transcription factor, MADS-box
PRINTSPR004048.0E-312338IPR002100Transcription factor, MADS-box
PRINTSPR004048.0E-313859IPR002100Transcription factor, MADS-box
PfamPF014861.1E-2884170IPR002487Transcription factor, K-box
PROSITE profilePS5129715.71587177IPR002487Transcription factor, K-box
Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term GO Category GO Description
GO:0000060Biological Processprotein import into nucleus, translocation
GO:0009409Biological Processresponse to cold
GO:0009739Biological Processresponse to gibberellin
GO:0009911Biological Processpositive regulation of flower development
GO:0010077Biological Processmaintenance of inflorescence meristem identity
GO:0030154Biological Processcell differentiation
GO:0045893Biological Processpositive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0005634Cellular Componentnucleus
GO:0005737Cellular Componentcytoplasm
GO:0003677Molecular FunctionDNA binding
GO:0003700Molecular Functiontranscription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0008134Molecular Functiontranscription factor binding
GO:0046983Molecular Functionprotein dimerization activity
Plant Ontology ? help Back to Top
PO Term PO Category PO Description
PO:0000013anatomycauline leaf
PO:0000037anatomyshoot apex
PO:0000230anatomyinflorescence meristem
PO:0000293anatomyguard cell
PO:0008019anatomyleaf lamina base
PO:0009005anatomyroot
PO:0009006anatomyshoot system
PO:0009009anatomyplant embryo
PO:0009010anatomyseed
PO:0009013anatomyportion of meristem tissue
PO:0009025anatomyvascular leaf
PO:0009029anatomystamen
PO:0009030anatomycarpel
PO:0009031anatomysepal
PO:0009032anatomypetal
PO:0009046anatomyflower
PO:0009047anatomystem
PO:0020030anatomycotyledon
PO:0020038anatomypetiole
PO:0020100anatomyhypocotyl
PO:0020137anatomyleaf apex
PO:0025022anatomycollective leaf structure
PO:0025281anatomypollen
PO:0001054developmental stagevascular leaf senescent stage
PO:0001078developmental stageplant embryo cotyledonary stage
PO:0001081developmental stagemature plant embryo stage
PO:0004507developmental stageplant embryo bilateral stage
PO:0007064developmental stageLP.12 twelve leaves visible stage
PO:0007095developmental stageLP.08 eight leaves visible stage
PO:0007098developmental stageLP.02 two leaves visible stage
PO:0007103developmental stageLP.10 ten leaves visible stage
PO:0007115developmental stageLP.04 four leaves visible stage
PO:0007123developmental stageLP.06 six leaves visible stage
PO:0007611developmental stagepetal differentiation and expansion stage
PO:0007616developmental stageflowering stage
Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence    Length: 214 aa     Download sequence    Send to blast
MVRGKTQMKR IENATSRQVT FSKRRNGLLK KAFELSVLCD AEVSLIIFSP KGKLYEFASS  60
NMQDTIDRYL RHTKDRVSTK PVSEENMQHL KYEAANMMKK IEQLEASKRK LLGEGIGTCS  120
IEELQQIEQQ LEKSVKCIRA RKTQVFKEQI EQLKQKEKAL AAENEKLSEK WGSHESEVWS  180
NKNQESTGRG DEESSPSSEV ETQLFIGLPC SSRK
3D Structure ? help Back to Top
Structure
PDB ID Evalue Query Start Query End Hit Start Hit End Description
5f28_A5e-19169169MEF2C
5f28_B5e-19169169MEF2C
5f28_C5e-19169169MEF2C
5f28_D5e-19169169MEF2C
6byy_A6e-19169169MEF2 CHIMERA
6byy_B6e-19169169MEF2 CHIMERA
6byy_C6e-19169169MEF2 CHIMERA
6byy_D6e-19169169MEF2 CHIMERA
6bz1_A5e-19169169MEF2 CHIMERA
6bz1_B5e-19169169MEF2 CHIMERA
6bz1_C5e-19169169MEF2 CHIMERA
6bz1_D5e-19169169MEF2 CHIMERA
Search in ModeBase
Expression -- UniGene ? help Back to Top
UniGene ID E-value Expressed in
At.255460.0leaf
Expression -- Microarray ? help Back to Top
Source ID E-value
GEO1453610300.0
Genevisible267509_at0.0
Expression AtlasAT2G45660-
AtGenExpressAT2G45660-
ATTED-IIAT2G45660-
Expression -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source Description
UniprotDEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Rapidly up-regulated in apical meristems during the transition to flowering. Transiently expressed in inflorescence meristem. Re-appears in stage 3 flowers, in the central dome that later will develop into stamens and carpels. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19656343}.
UniprotTISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed. Not found in the apical meristem of short-day grown plants in vegetative stage.
Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source Description
TAIRControls flowering and is required for CO to promote flowering. It acts downstream of FT. Overexpression of (SOC1) AGL20 suppresses not only the late flowering of plants that have functional FRI and FLC alleles but also the delayed phase transitions during the vegetative stages of development. AGL20/SOC1 acts with AGL24 to promote flowering and inflorescence meristem identity.AGL20 upregulates expression of AGL24 in response to GA.
UniProtTranscription activator active in flowering time control. May integrate signals from the photoperiod, vernalization and autonomous floral induction pathways. Can modulate class B and C homeotic genes expression. When associated with AGL24, mediates effect of gibberellins on flowering under short-day conditions, and regulates the expression of LEAFY (LFY), which links floral induction and floral development. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10995392, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18339670, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18466303, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19656343}.
Function -- GeneRIF ? help Back to Top
  1. Activation of SOC1 expression by FT and TSF in winter-annual flowering A. thaliana. [SOC1]
    [PMID: 15618421]
  2. FT regulates SOC1 expression, and SOC1 regulates LFY expression [SOC1]
    [PMID: 15695467]
  3. inactivation of FT caused down-regulation of SOC1 even in plants overexpressing CO, indicating that FT is required for SOC1 induction by CO
    [PMID: 16183837]
  4. SOC1 gene. MADS box proteins are thought to bind their DNA targets as dimers or higher-order multimers
    [PMID: 16623882]
  5. once AP1 is activated during the floral transition, it acts partly as a master repressor in floral meristems by directly suppressing the expression of flowering time genes SVP, AGL24 and SOC1, preventing continuation of the shoot developmental program
    [PMID: 17428825]
  6. during floral transition, a positive-feedback loop conferred by direct transcriptional regulation between AGL24 and SOC1 at the shoot apex integrates flowering signals
    [PMID: 18339670]
  7. Interaction with AGL24 relocates SOC1 to the nucleus, where SOC1 regulates leafy expression by binding to the LFY promoter.
    [PMID: 18466303]
  8. EARLY FLOWERING9 (ELF9), an Arabidopsis thaliana RNA binding protein, directly targets the SOC1 transcript and reduces SOC1 mRNA levels.
    [PMID: 19376936]
  9. SOC1 is able to bind directly to regulatory regions of class B and C homeotic genes.
    [PMID: 19656343]
  10. Results demonstrate the presence of feedback loop that delays flowering through the increase of FLC when a cold spell is transient but suppresses the cold response when floral induction occurs through the repression of cold-inducible genes by SOC1.
    [PMID: 19825833]
  11. Flowering was promoted by induction of FT and SOC1 expression with blue light in Arabidopsis, whereas GpFTs and GpSOC1 expression was low with blue light induction in G. paniculata.
    [PMID: 21431295]
  12. SOC1 directly controls the expression of AGL42, AGL71 and AGL72 to balance the expression level of these SOC1-like genes.
    [PMID: 21609362]
  13. SOC1-SPL module serves as a molecular link that integrates photoperiod and gibberellic acid signals to promote flowering in Arabidopsis.
    [PMID: 21988498]
  14. Findings show that feedback regulatory loops mediated by SOC1 and SVP are essential components of the gene regulatory networks that underpin the integration of flowering signals during floral transition.
    [PMID: 22268548]
  15. Our studies provide insight into the role of MPF2-like genes in phase transition by interacting with SOC1 and MAF1 genes, thereby also pointing to their significance as potential candidates for modifying flowering in crop plants in the future.
    [PMID: 22539207]
  16. SOC1 constitutes a major hub in the regulatory networks underlying floral timing and flower development and that these networks are composed of many positive and negative autoregulatory and feedback loops.
    [PMID: 22791302]
  17. Flowering is controlled by AGL24 partly independently of SOC1 and FUL.
    [PMID: 22902690]
  18. 3' UTR-mediated SOC1 mRNA destabilization by AtBRN1 and AtBRN2 proteins.
    [PMID: 23437850]
  19. The drought escape response requires GI, FT/TSF, and AGL20 proteins in Arabidopsis.Abscisic acid up-regulates AGL20 expression in a photoperiod-dependent manner.
    [PMID: 23719890]
  20. a cross-repressive interaction of GNC and GNL on the one side and SOC1 on the other in the control of flowering time, greening, and cold tolerance
    [PMID: 23739688]
  21. The sequential formation of FUL-SVP and FUL-SOC1 heterodimers may mediate the vegetative and meristem identity transitions, counteracting the repressive effect of FLC and SVP on flowering.
    [PMID: 24465009]
  22. SOC1 is involved in the regulation of stomatal opening via transcriptional regulation in guard cells.
    [PMID: 25588388]
  23. We also demonstrate that a domain of the C-terminal region of ESD7 mediates the binding to the different PRC2 components and this interaction is necessary for the proper recruitment of PRC2 to FT and SOC1 chromatin.
    [PMID: 26980282]
  24. SPL15 and the MADS-box protein SOC1 cooperate to promote transcription of their target genes.
    [PMID: 27134142]
  25. Results indicate that SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 (SOC1) inhibits chlorophyll degradation via negatively regulating pheophytinase (PPH) expression.
    [PMID: 28096189]
Binding Motif ? help Back to Top
Motif ID Method Source Motif file
MP00076ChIP-chip26531826Download
Motif logo
Cis-element ? help Back to Top
SourceLink
PlantRegMapAT2G45660.1
Regulation -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source Description
UniProtINDUCTION: Up-regulated by gibberellins, vernalization and under long-day conditions. Gradual increase during vegetative growth. Induced by AGL24 at the shoot apex at the floral transitional stage. Repressed by SVP during the early stages of flower development. Inhibited by AP1 in emerging floral meristems (PubMed:17428825, PubMed:18339670, PubMed:19656343). Repressed by SHL to prevent flowering (PubMed:25281686). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17428825, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18339670, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19656343, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25281686}.
Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source Upstream Regulator Target Gene
PlantRegMapRetrieveRetrieve
Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Upstream Regulators) ? help Back to Top
Source Upstream Regulator (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM AT1G69120 (R), AT1G71692 (A), AT2G22540 (R), AT4G02560 (A), AT4G24540 (A), AT5G10140 (R), AT5G15840 (A), AT5G65050 (R)
Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Target Genes) ? help Back to Top
Source Target Gene (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM AT1G24260(R), AT5G61850(A)
Interaction ? help Back to Top
Source Intact With
BioGRIDAT2G45660, AT3G02310, AT3G57230, AT3G58780, AT3G61120, AT4G11880, AT4G22950, AT4G24540, AT4G37940, AT5G13790, AT5G15800, AT5G22290, AT5G51870, AT5G60910, AT5G62165, AT1G24260, AT1G26310, AT1G69120, AT1G71692
IntActSearch O64645
Phenotype -- Disruption Phenotype ? help Back to Top
Source Description
UniProtDISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Plants are late-flowering. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11123798}.
Phenotype -- Mutation ? help Back to Top
Source ID
T-DNA ExpressAT2G45660
Annotation -- Nucleotide ? help Back to Top
Source Hit ID E-value Description
GenBankAF3857310.0AF385731.1 Arabidopsis thaliana At2g45660/F17K2.19 mRNA, complete cds.
GenBankAY0077260.0AY007726.1 Arabidopsis thaliana MADS box protein AGL20 mRNA, complete cds.
GenBankAY0939670.0AY093967.1 Arabidopsis thaliana At2g45660/F17K2.19 mRNA, complete cds.
Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source Hit ID E-value Description
RefseqNP_182090.11e-156AGAMOUS-like 20
SwissprotO646451e-157SOC1_ARATH; MADS-box protein SOC1
TrEMBLA0A178VZL41e-155A0A178VZL4_ARATH; SOC1
STRINGAT2G45660.11e-156(Arabidopsis thaliana)
Orthologous Group ? help Back to Top
LineageOrthologous Group IDTaxa NumberGene Number
MalvidsOGEM7828413
Representative plantOGRP1617761
Publications ? help Back to Top
  1. Samach A, et al.
    Distinct roles of CONSTANS target genes in reproductive development of Arabidopsis.
    Science, 2000. 288(5471): p. 1613-6
    [PMID:10834834]
  2. Onouchi H,Ige
    Mutagenesis of plants overexpressing CONSTANS demonstrates novel interactions among Arabidopsis flowering-time genes.
    Plant Cell, 2000. 12(6): p. 885-900
    [PMID:10852935]
  3. Lee H, et al.
    The AGAMOUS-LIKE 20 MADS domain protein integrates floral inductive pathways in Arabidopsis.
    Genes Dev., 2000. 14(18): p. 2366-76
    [PMID:10995392]
  4. Bonhomme F,Kurz B,Melzer S,Bernier G,Jacqmard A
    Cytokinin and gibberellin activate SaMADS A, a gene apparently involved in regulation of the floral transition in Sinapis alba.
    Plant J., 2000. 24(1): p. 103-11
    [PMID:11029708]
  5. Riechmann JL, et al.
    Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes.
    Science, 2000. 290(5499): p. 2105-10
    [PMID:11118137]
  6. Borner R, et al.
    A MADS domain gene involved in the transition to flowering in Arabidopsis.
    Plant J., 2000. 24(5): p. 591-9
    [PMID:11123798]
  7. Michaels SD,Amasino RM
    Loss of FLOWERING LOCUS C activity eliminates the late-flowering phenotype of FRIGIDA and autonomous pathway mutations but not responsiveness to vernalization.
    Plant Cell, 2001. 13(4): p. 935-41
    [PMID:11283346]
  8. Pelaz S,Gustafson-Brown C,Kohalmi SE,Crosby WL,Yanofsky MF
    APETALA1 and SEPALLATA3 interact to promote flower development.
    Plant J., 2001. 26(4): p. 385-94
    [PMID:11439126]
  9. Ohto M, et al.
    Effects of sugar on vegetative development and floral transition in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Physiol., 2001. 127(1): p. 252-61
    [PMID:11553753]
  10. Rouse DT,Sheldon CC,Bagnall DJ,Peacock WJ,Dennis ES
    FLC, a repressor of flowering, is regulated by genes in different inductive pathways.
    Plant J., 2002. 29(2): p. 183-91
    [PMID:11851919]
  11. Hepworth SR,Valverde F,Ravenscroft D,Mouradov A,Coupland G
    Antagonistic regulation of flowering-time gene SOC1 by CONSTANS and FLC via separate promoter motifs.
    EMBO J., 2002. 21(16): p. 4327-37
    [PMID:12169635]
  12. Yu H,Xu Y,Tan EL,Kumar PP
    AGAMOUS-LIKE 24, a dosage-dependent mediator of the flowering signals.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2002. 99(25): p. 16336-41
    [PMID:12451184]
  13. Michaels SD, et al.
    AGL24 acts as a promoter of flowering in Arabidopsis and is positively regulated by vernalization.
    Plant J., 2003. 33(5): p. 867-74
    [PMID:12609028]
  14. Ratcliffe OJ,Kumimoto RW,Wong BJ,Riechmann JL
    Analysis of the Arabidopsis MADS AFFECTING FLOWERING gene family: MAF2 prevents vernalization by short periods of cold.
    Plant Cell, 2003. 15(5): p. 1159-69
    [PMID:12724541]
  15. Parenicová L, et al.
    Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of the complete MADS-box transcription factor family in Arabidopsis: new openings to the MADS world.
    Plant Cell, 2003. 15(7): p. 1538-51
    [PMID:12837945]
  16. Moon J, et al.
    The SOC1 MADS-box gene integrates vernalization and gibberellin signals for flowering in Arabidopsis.
    Plant J., 2003. 35(5): p. 613-23
    [PMID:12940954]
  17. Hsu HF,Huang CH,Chou LT,Yang CH
    Ectopic expression of an orchid (Oncidium Gower Ramsey) AGL6-like gene promotes flowering by activating flowering time genes in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant Cell Physiol., 2003. 44(8): p. 783-94
    [PMID:12941870]
  18. Suh SS,Choi KR,Lee I
    Revisiting phase transition during flowering in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Cell Physiol., 2003. 44(8): p. 836-43
    [PMID:12941876]
  19. Kim KW, et al.
    The function of the flowering time gene AGL20 is conserved in Crucifers.
    Mol. Cells, 2003. 16(1): p. 136-41
    [PMID:14503858]
  20. Tzeng TY,Hsiao CC,Chi PJ,Yang CH
    Two lily SEPALLATA-like genes cause different effects on floral formation and floral transition in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Physiol., 2003. 133(3): p. 1091-101
    [PMID:14526112]
  21. Schmid M, et al.
    Dissection of floral induction pathways using global expression analysis.
    Development, 2003. 130(24): p. 6001-12
    [PMID:14573523]
  22. Yamada K, et al.
    Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome.
    Science, 2003. 302(5646): p. 842-6
    [PMID:14593172]
  23. El-Din El-Assal S, et al.
    The role of cryptochrome 2 in flowering in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Physiol., 2003. 133(4): p. 1504-16
    [PMID:14605222]
  24. Jack T
    Molecular and genetic mechanisms of floral control.
    Plant Cell, 2004. 16 Suppl: p. S1-17
    [PMID:15020744]
  25. M
    Changes in gene expression in response to altered SHL transcript levels.
    Plant Mol. Biol., 2003. 53(6): p. 805-20
    [PMID:15082927]
  26. Lee S,Kim J,Han JJ,Han MJ,An G
    Functional analyses of the flowering time gene OsMADS50, the putative SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1/AGAMOUS-LIKE 20 (SOC1/AGL20) ortholog in rice.
    Plant J., 2004. 38(5): p. 754-64
    [PMID:15144377]
  27. Farrona S,Hurtado L,Bowman JL,Reyes JC
    The Arabidopsis thaliana SNF2 homolog AtBRM controls shoot development and flowering.
    Development, 2004. 131(20): p. 4965-75
    [PMID:15371304]
  28. Michaels SD,Himelblau E,Kim SY,Schomburg FM,Amasino RM
    Integration of flowering signals in winter-annual Arabidopsis.
    Plant Physiol., 2005. 137(1): p. 149-56
    [PMID:15618421]
  29. Moon J,Lee H,Kim M,Lee I
    Analysis of flowering pathway integrators in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Cell Physiol., 2005. 46(2): p. 292-9
    [PMID:15695467]
  30. de Folter S, et al.
    Comprehensive interaction map of the Arabidopsis MADS Box transcription factors.
    Plant Cell, 2005. 17(5): p. 1424-33
    [PMID:15805477]
  31. Yamaguchi A,Kobayashi Y,Goto K,Abe M,Araki T
    TWIN SISTER OF FT (TSF) acts as a floral pathway integrator redundantly with FT.
    Plant Cell Physiol., 2005. 46(8): p. 1175-89
    [PMID:15951566]
  32. Gan Y,Filleur S,Rahman A,Gotensparre S,Forde BG
    Nutritional regulation of ANR1 and other root-expressed MADS-box genes in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Planta, 2005. 222(4): p. 730-42
    [PMID:16021502]
  33. Parcy F
    Flowering: a time for integration.
    Int. J. Dev. Biol., 2005. 49(5-6): p. 585-93
    [PMID:16096967]
  34. Yoo SK, et al.
    CONSTANS activates SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 through FLOWERING LOCUS T to promote flowering in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Physiol., 2005. 139(2): p. 770-8
    [PMID:16183837]
  35. Lee JH, et al.
    Conservation and divergence of FCA function between Arabidopsis and rice.
    Plant Mol. Biol., 2005. 58(6): p. 823-38
    [PMID:16240176]
  36. Sheldon CC,Finnegan EJ,Dennis ES,Peacock WJ
    Quantitative effects of vernalization on FLC and SOC1 expression.
    Plant J., 2006. 45(6): p. 871-83
    [PMID:16507079]
  37. Bouveret R,Sch
    Regulation of flowering time by Arabidopsis MSI1.
    Development, 2006. 133(9): p. 1693-702
    [PMID:16554362]
  38. Searle I, et al.
    The transcription factor FLC confers a flowering response to vernalization by repressing meristem competence and systemic signaling in Arabidopsis.
    Genes Dev., 2006. 20(7): p. 898-912
    [PMID:16600915]
  39. Helliwell CA,Wood CC,Robertson M,James Peacock W,Dennis ES
    The Arabidopsis FLC protein interacts directly in vivo with SOC1 and FT chromatin and is part of a high-molecular-weight protein complex.
    Plant J., 2006. 46(2): p. 183-92
    [PMID:16623882]
  40. Schönrock N, et al.
    Polycomb-group proteins repress the floral activator AGL19 in the FLC-independent vernalization pathway.
    Genes Dev., 2006. 20(12): p. 1667-78
    [PMID:16778081]
  41. Ciannamea S, et al.
    Protein interactions of MADS box transcription factors involved in flowering in Lolium perenne.
    J. Exp. Bot., 2006. 57(13): p. 3419-31
    [PMID:17005923]
  42. Corbesier L,Coupland G
    The quest for florigen: a review of recent progress.
    J. Exp. Bot., 2006. 57(13): p. 3395-403
    [PMID:17030536]
  43. March-D
    SEF, a new protein required for flowering repression in Arabidopsis, interacts with PIE1 and ARP6.
    Plant Physiol., 2007. 143(2): p. 893-901
    [PMID:17142478]
  44. Tadege M, et al.
    Reciprocal control of flowering time by OsSOC1 in transgenic Arabidopsis and by FLC in transgenic rice.
    Plant Biotechnol. J., 2003. 1(5): p. 361-9
    [PMID:17166135]
  45. Huang MD,Wu WL
    Overexpression of TMAC2, a novel negative regulator of abscisic acid and salinity responses, has pleiotropic effects in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant Mol. Biol., 2007. 63(4): p. 557-69
    [PMID:17195036]
  46. Takase T,Yasuhara M,Geekiyanage S,Ogura Y,Kiyosue T
    Overexpression of the chimeric gene of the floral regulator CONSTANS and the EAR motif repressor causes late flowering in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Cell Rep., 2007. 26(6): p. 815-21
    [PMID:17219103]
  47. Wang C, et al.
    The Arabidopsis thaliana AT PRP39-1 gene, encoding a tetratricopeptide repeat protein with similarity to the yeast pre-mRNA processing protein PRP39, affects flowering time.
    Plant Cell Rep., 2007. 26(8): p. 1357-66
    [PMID:17380304]
  48. Achard P, et al.
    The plant stress hormone ethylene controls floral transition via DELLA-dependent regulation of floral meristem-identity genes.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2007. 104(15): p. 6484-9
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