PlantTFDB - Plant Transcription Factor Database @ CBI, PKU

PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0

Plant Transcription Factor Database

Transcription Factor Information

Basic Information | Signature Domain | Sequence |

Basic Information? help Back to Top

TF ID

AT2G22540.1

Common Name

AGL22, F14M13.6, FAQ1, SVP

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana

Taxonomic ID

3702

Taxonomic Lineage

cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis

Family

MIKC_MADS

Protein Properties

Length: 240aa MW: 26896.2 Da PI: 5.2747

Description

MIKC_MADS family protein

Gene Model

Gene Model ID	Type	Source	Coding Sequence
AT2G22540.1	genome	TAIR	View CDS

Signature Domain? help Back to Top

No.	Domain	Score	E-value	Start	End	HMM Start	HMM End
1	SRF-TF	90	1.2e-28	10	59	2	51
---SHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHT-EEEEEEE-TTSEEEEEE- CS SRF-TF 2 rienksnrqvtfskRrngilKKAeELSvLCdaevaviifsstgklyeyss 51 +i+n + rqvtfskRr g++KKAeELSvLCda+va+iifsstgkl+e++s AT2G22540.1 10 KIDNATARQVTFSKRRRGLFKKAEELSVLCDADVALIIFSSTGKLFEFCS 59 69**********************************************96 PP
2	K-box	51.8	3.4e-18	92	170	19	97
K-box 19 qelakLkkeienLqreqRhllGedLesLslkeLqqLeqqLekslkkiRskKnellleqieelqkkekelqeenkaLrkk 97 ++a++ kei + +R++ Ge+L+ L+++eLqqLe++Le++l+++ ++K++ ++++i+elqkk +l +enk+Lr++ AT2G22540.1 92 SDHARMSKEIADKSHRLRQMRGEELQGLDIEELQQLEKALETGLTRVIETKSDKIMSEISELQKKGMQLMDENKRLRQQ 170 5788999999999999*************************************************************97 PP

Protein Features ? help Back to Top

Database	Entry ID	E-value	Start	End	InterPro ID	Description
PROSITE profile	PS50066	30.333	1	61	IPR002100	Transcription factor, MADS-box
SMART	SM00432	3.7E-40	1	60	IPR002100	Transcription factor, MADS-box
CDD	cd00265	1.23E-40	2	77	No hit	No description
SuperFamily	SSF55455	1.83E-31	3	75	IPR002100	Transcription factor, MADS-box
PROSITE pattern	PS00350	0	3	57	IPR002100	Transcription factor, MADS-box
PRINTS	PR00404	3.7E-27	3	23	IPR002100	Transcription factor, MADS-box
Pfam	PF00319	4.9E-26	10	57	IPR002100	Transcription factor, MADS-box
PRINTS	PR00404	3.7E-27	23	38	IPR002100	Transcription factor, MADS-box
PRINTS	PR00404	3.7E-27	38	59	IPR002100	Transcription factor, MADS-box
PROSITE profile	PS51297	13.764	87	180	IPR002487	Transcription factor, K-box
Pfam	PF01486	2.6E-16	92	170	IPR002487	Transcription factor, K-box

Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term	GO Category	GO Description
GO:0009266	Biological Process	response to temperature stimulus
GO:0009910	Biological Process	negative regulation of flower development
GO:0010076	Biological Process	maintenance of floral meristem identity
GO:0010582	Biological Process	floral meristem determinacy
GO:0017148	Biological Process	negative regulation of translation
GO:0030154	Biological Process	cell differentiation
GO:0045892	Biological Process	negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0048438	Biological Process	floral whorl development
GO:0005634	Cellular Component	nucleus
GO:0000900	Molecular Function	translation repressor activity, nucleic acid binding
GO:0003677	Molecular Function	DNA binding
GO:0003700	Molecular Function	transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0005515	Molecular Function	protein binding
GO:0046983	Molecular Function	protein dimerization activity

Plant Ontology ? help Back to Top
PO Term	PO Category	PO Description
PO:0000013	anatomy	cauline leaf
PO:0000037	anatomy	shoot apex
PO:0000084	anatomy	plant sperm cell
PO:0000230	anatomy	inflorescence meristem
PO:0000293	anatomy	guard cell
PO:0008019	anatomy	leaf lamina base
PO:0009005	anatomy	root
PO:0009006	anatomy	shoot system
PO:0009009	anatomy	plant embryo
PO:0009010	anatomy	seed
PO:0009025	anatomy	vascular leaf
PO:0009029	anatomy	stamen
PO:0009030	anatomy	carpel
PO:0009031	anatomy	sepal
PO:0009032	anatomy	petal
PO:0009046	anatomy	flower
PO:0009047	anatomy	stem
PO:0020030	anatomy	cotyledon
PO:0020038	anatomy	petiole
PO:0020100	anatomy	hypocotyl
PO:0020137	anatomy	leaf apex
PO:0025022	anatomy	collective leaf structure
PO:0025281	anatomy	pollen
PO:0001054	developmental stage	vascular leaf senescent stage
PO:0001078	developmental stage	plant embryo cotyledonary stage
PO:0001081	developmental stage	mature plant embryo stage
PO:0004507	developmental stage	plant embryo bilateral stage
PO:0007064	developmental stage	LP.12 twelve leaves visible stage
PO:0007095	developmental stage	LP.08 eight leaves visible stage
PO:0007098	developmental stage	LP.02 two leaves visible stage
PO:0007103	developmental stage	LP.10 ten leaves visible stage
PO:0007115	developmental stage	LP.04 four leaves visible stage
PO:0007123	developmental stage	LP.06 six leaves visible stage
PO:0007611	developmental stage	petal differentiation and expansion stage
PO:0007616	developmental stage	flowering stage

Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence Length: 240 aa Download sequence Send to blast
MAREKIQIRK IDNATARQVT FSKRRRGLFK KAEELSVLCD ADVALIIFSS TGKLFEFCSS 60 SMKEVLERHN LQSKNLEKLD QPSLELQLVE NSDHARMSKE IADKSHRLRQ MRGEELQGLD 120 IEELQQLEKA LETGLTRVIE TKSDKIMSEI SELQKKGMQL MDENKRLRQQ GTQLTEENER 180 LGMQICNNVH AHGGAESENA AVYEEGQSSE SITNAGNSTG APVDSESSDT SLRLGLPYGG

3D Structure ? help Back to Top

PDB ID	Evalue	Query Start	Query End	Hit Start	Hit End	Description
5f28_A	2e-20	1	69	1	69	MEF2C
5f28_B	2e-20	1	69	1	69	MEF2C
5f28_C	2e-20	1	69	1	69	MEF2C
5f28_D	2e-20	1	69	1	69	MEF2C
Search in ModeBase

Expression -- UniGene ? help Back to Top
UniGene ID	E-value	Expressed in
At.22081	0.0	flower\| leaf\| root

Expression -- Microarray ? help Back to Top
Source	ID	E-value
Genevisible	263995_at	0.0
Expression Atlas	AT2G22540	-
AtGenExpress	AT2G22540	-
ATTED-II	AT2G22540	-

Expression -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
Uniprot	DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: During vegetative phase expressed in young leaves and apical meristem until early stage of bolting. Early in development of the inflorescence present in the coflorescence and flower primordia but not in the main apical meristem. Present throughout the floral meristem during early stages of flower development. Later disappears prior to emergence of sepal primordia. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19656343}.
Uniprot	TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Detected in roots and leaves. Expressed at very low levels in flowers and siliques. Present in floral meristems. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19656343}.

Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
TAIR	Encodes a nuclear protein that acts as a floral repressor and that functions within the thermosensory pathway. SVP represses FT expression via direct binding to the vCArG III motif in the FT promoter.
UniProt	Transcription repressor that inhibit floral transition in the autonomous flowering pathway, independent of photoperiod and temperature. Acts in a dosage-dependent manner. Together with AGL24 and AP1, controls the identity of the floral meristem and regulates expression of class B, C and E genes. Promotes EFM expression to suppress flowering (PubMed:25132385). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16679456, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18694458, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19656343, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:25132385}.

Function -- GeneRIF ? help Back to Top
The data provides genetic evidence for the role of AP1 in these interactions by showing that the floral phenotype in the ap1 agl24 svp triple mutant is significantly enhanced. [PMID: 16679456] SVP mediates the temperature-dependent functions of FCA and FVE within the thermosensory pathway. [PMID: 17322399] once AP1 is activated during the floral transition, it acts partly as a master repressor in floral meristems by directly suppressing the expression of flowering time genes SVP, AGL24 and SOC1, preventing continuation of the shoot developmental program [PMID: 17428825] Complementation tests showed that rice OsMADS22 and OsMADS47 are unable to reverse the flowering-time phenotypes of the svp and agl24 mutants in Arabidopsis. [PMID: 18453531] AP1, AGL24 and SVP redundantly control floral meristem identity. Ectopic AGL24 and SVP expression promotes floral indeterminacy. [PMID: 18694458] SVP protein accumulation is regulated by LHY and CCA1. Reduction of SVP leads to accelerated flowering time. [PMID: 19011118] LHY/CCA1 regulates a pathway negatively controlling flowering locus T (FT), possibly via ELF3-SVP/FLC. [PMID: 19383102] SVP negatively regulates TSF as well as FT. [PMID: 19656342] AGL24, AP1 and SVP directly and redundantly regulate class B, C and E floral homeotic genes. [PMID: 19656343] Findings show that feedback regulatory loops mediated by SOC1 and SVP are essential components of the gene regulatory networks that underpin the integration of flowering signals during floral transition. [PMID: 22268548] SVP protein directly regulates miR172 transcription in Arabidopsis [PMID: 22659182] These results support that the flowering repressor SVP has been recently selected in A. thaliana as a target for early flowering, and evidence the relevance of genetic interactions for the intraspecific evolution of FAQ1/SVP and flowering time. [PMID: 23382706] SVP regulates many developmental pathways, some of which are common to both of vegetative and reproductive development whereas others are specific to only one of them. [PMID: 23759218] Control of SVP-FLM-beta repressor complex abundance via transcriptional and splicing regulation of FLM and posttranslational regulation of SVP protein stability provides an efficient, rapid mechanism for plants to respond to ambient temperature changes. [PMID: 24030492] The sequential formation of FUL-SVP and FUL-SOC1 heterodimers may mediate the vegetative and meristem identity transitions, counteracting the repressive effect of FLC and SVP on flowering. [PMID: 24465009] post-translational regulation of SVP functions as a major mechanism for thermoregulation in flowering [PMID: 24614351] SVP delays flowering by repressing gibberellin biosynthesis as well as integrator gene expression. [PMID: 24979809] In brm mutants, elevated PcG occupancy at SVP accompanies a dramatic increase in H3K27me3 levels at this locus and a concomitant reduction of SVP expression. [PMID: 25615622] The downstream targets of the SVP:FLC complex include a higher proportion of genes regulating floral induction, whereas those bound by either TF independently are biased towards floral development. [PMID: 25853185] Data show that microRNA miR396 triggers SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) mRNA decay rather than miRNA-mediated cleavage. [PMID: 26103992] SVP protein up-regulates TEM2 floral repressor at low temperatures.SVP protein accumulation is higher during the day than during the night under long day conditions. [PMID: 26243615] The data suggests that AGL22 uniquely regulates a transcriptional network during drought stress, linking changes in primary metabolism and the initiation of stress responses. [PMID: 26842464] these results reveal a novel role for the floral regulators SVP and SOC1 in disease resistance and provide evidence that salicylic acid acts directly on pathogens as an antimicrobial agent. [PMID: 28812948] Phylogenetic analysis of SVP genes representing most of the sequenced eudicot species showed that the SVP gene family could be divided into three major clades in eudicots (SVP1, SVP2, and SVP3), most likely resulting from an ancient whole-genome triplication in core eudicots. [PMID: 30364940] We identify and characterize TARGET OF FLC AND SVP1 (TFS1), a novel target gene of FLC and its interacting protein SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP). TFS1 encodes a B3-type transcription factor, and we show that tfs1 mutants are later flowering than wild-type, particularly under short days. [PMID: 30946745]

Binding Motif ? help Back to Top
Motif ID	Method	Source	Motif file
MP00272	DAP	27203113	Download

Cis-element ? help Back to Top
Source	Link
PlantRegMap	AT2G22540.1

Regulation -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
UniProt	INDUCTION: Repressed by the floral homeotic genes AP1 and SEP3 in emerging floral meristems. Up-regulated by HUA2. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15659097, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17428825, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18694458}.

Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator	Target Gene
PlantRegMap	Retrieve	Retrieve

Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Upstream Regulators) ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM	AT1G24260 (R), AT1G69120 (R)

Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Target Genes) ? help Back to Top
Source	Target Gene (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM	AT1G24260(R), AT1G26310(A), AT1G65480(R), AT2G45660(R), AT4G18960(R), AT4G35900(R)

Interaction ? help Back to Top
Source	Intact With
BioGRID	AT2G45650, AT2G45660, AT3G57230, AT3G57390, AT4G24540, AT4G37940, AT5G10140, AT5G13790, AT5G15800, AT1G24260, AT1G26310, AT1G69120, AT1G77080
IntAct	Search Q9FVC1

Phenotype -- Mutation ? help Back to Top
Source	ID
T-DNA Express	AT2G22540

Annotation -- Nucleotide ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
GenBank	AF211171	0.0	AF211171.1 Arabidopsis thaliana short vegetative phase protein (SVP) mRNA, complete cds.
GenBank	BT033098	0.0	BT033098.1 Arabidopsis thaliana unknown protein (At2g22540) mRNA, complete cds.
GenBank	EU078687	0.0	EU078687.1 Arabidopsis thaliana short vegetative phase (SVP) mRNA, complete cds, alternatively spliced.

Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
Refseq	NP_001324584.1	1e-175	K-box region and MADS-box transcription factor family protein
Refseq	NP_179840.2	1e-175	K-box region and MADS-box transcription factor family protein
Swissprot	Q9FVC1	1e-176	SVP_ARATH; MADS-box protein SVP
TrEMBL	A0A384KDB8	1e-174	A0A384KDB8_ARATH; SVP
TrEMBL	A7XFU1	1e-174	A7XFU1_ARATH; At2g22540
STRING	AT2G22540.1	1e-174	(Arabidopsis thaliana)

Orthologous Group ? help Back to Top
Lineage	Orthologous Group ID	Taxa Number	Gene Number
Malvids	OGEM4190	27	47
Representative plant	OGRP6076	11	20

Link Out ? help Back to Top
Phytozome	AT2G22540.1
Entrez Gene	816787
iHOP	AT2G22540
wikigenes	AT2G22540

Publications ? help Back to Top
Hartmann U, et al. Molecular cloning of SVP: a negative regulator of the floral transition in Arabidopsis. Plant J., 2000. 21(4): p. 351-60 [PMID:10758486] Riechmann JL, et al. Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes. Science, 2000. 290(5499): p. 2105-10 [PMID:11118137] Pelaz S,Gustafson-Brown C,Kohalmi SE,Crosby WL,Yanofsky MF APETALA1 and SEPALLATA3 interact to promote flower development. Plant J., 2001. 26(4): p. 385-94 [PMID:11439126] Michaels SD, et al. AGL24 acts as a promoter of flowering in Arabidopsis and is positively regulated by vernalization. Plant J., 2003. 33(5): p. 867-74 [PMID:12609028] Parenicová L, et al. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of the complete MADS-box transcription factor family in Arabidopsis: new openings to the MADS world. Plant Cell, 2003. 15(7): p. 1538-51 [PMID:12837945] Scortecci K,Michaels SD,Amasino RM Genetic interactions between FLM and other flowering-time genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Mol. Biol., 2003. 52(5): p. 915-22 [PMID:14558654] Fornara F, et al. Functional characterization of OsMADS18, a member of the AP1/SQUA subfamily of MADS box genes. Plant Physiol., 2004. 135(4): p. 2207-19 [PMID:15299121] Doyle MR, et al. HUA2 is required for the expression of floral repressors in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J., 2005. 41(3): p. 376-85 [PMID:15659097] de Folter S, et al. Comprehensive interaction map of the Arabidopsis MADS Box transcription factors. Plant Cell, 2005. 17(5): p. 1424-33 [PMID:15805477] Gregis V,Sessa A,Colombo L,Kater MM AGL24, SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE, and APETALA1 redundantly control AGAMOUS during early stages of flower development in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2006. 18(6): p. 1373-82 [PMID:16679456] Ciannamea S, et al. Protein interactions of MADS box transcription factors involved in flowering in Lolium perenne. J. Exp. Bot., 2006. 57(13): p. 3419-31 [PMID:17005923] Trevaskis B, et al. Short vegetative phase-like MADS-box genes inhibit floral meristem identity in barley. Plant Physiol., 2007. 143(1): p. 225-35 [PMID:17114273] Lee JH, et al. Role of SVP in the control of flowering time by ambient temperature in Arabidopsis. Genes Dev., 2007. 21(4): p. 397-402 [PMID:17322399] Yadav SR,Prasad K,Vijayraghavan U Divergent regulatory OsMADS2 functions control size, shape and differentiation of the highly derived rice floret second-whorl organ. Genetics, 2007. 176(1): p. 283-94 [PMID:17409064] Liu C, et al. Specification of Arabidopsis floral meristem identity by repression of flowering time genes. Development, 2007. 134(10): p. 1901-10 [PMID:17428825] Lee JH,Park SH,Lee JS,Ahn JH A conserved role of SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) in controlling flowering time of Brassica plants. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2007 Jul-Aug. 1769(7-8): p. 455-61 [PMID:17566572] Nishikawa F, et al. Increased CiFT abundance in the stem correlates with floral induction by low temperature in Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.). J. Exp. Bot., 2007. 58(14): p. 3915-27 [PMID:18000016] Fornara F,Gregis V,Pelucchi N,Colombo L,Kater M The rice StMADS11-like genes OsMADS22 and OsMADS47 cause floral reversions in Arabidopsis without complementing the svp and agl24 mutants. J. Exp. Bot., 2008. 59(8): p. 2181-90 [PMID:18453531] Li D, et al. A repressor complex governs the integration of flowering signals in Arabidopsis. Dev. Cell, 2008. 15(1): p. 110-20 [PMID:18606145] Ascencio-Ib Global analysis of Arabidopsis gene expression uncovers a complex array of changes impacting pathogen response and cell cycle during geminivirus infection. Plant Physiol., 2008. 148(1): p. 436-54 [PMID:18650403] Gregis V,Sessa A,Colombo L,Kater MM AGAMOUS-LIKE24 and SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE determine floral meristem identity in Arabidopsis. Plant J., 2008. 56(6): p. 891-902 [PMID:18694458] Fujiwara S, et al. Circadian clock proteins LHY and CCA1 regulate SVP protein accumulation to control flowering in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2008. 20(11): p. 2960-71 [PMID:19011118] Horvath DP,Chao WS,Suttle JC,Thimmapuram J,Anderson JV Transcriptome analysis identifies novel responses and potential regulatory genes involved in seasonal dormancy transitions of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.). BMC Genomics, 2008. 9: p. 536 [PMID:19014493] Strasser B,Alvarez MJ,Califano A,Cerd A complementary role for ELF3 and TFL1 in the regulation of flowering time by ambient temperature. Plant J., 2009. 58(4): p. 629-40 [PMID:19187043] Greenup A,Peacock WJ,Dennis ES,Trevaskis B The molecular biology of seasonal flowering-responses in Arabidopsis and the cereals. Ann. Bot., 2009. 103(8): p. 1165-72 [PMID:19304997] Song HR, et al. The RNA binding protein ELF9 directly reduces SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO1 transcript levels in arabidopsis, possibly via nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Plant Cell, 2009. 21(4): p. 1195-211 [PMID:19376936] Yoshida R, et al. Possible role of early flowering 3 (ELF3) in clock-dependent floral regulation by short vegetative phase (SVP) in Arabidopsis thaliana. New Phytol., 2009. 182(4): p. 838-50 [PMID:19383102] Liu C,Xi W,Shen L,Tan C,Yu H Regulation of floral patterning by flowering time genes. Dev. Cell, 2009. 16(5): p. 711-22 [PMID:19460347] Mizoguchi T,Yoshida R Punctual coordination: switching on and off for flowering during a day. Plant Signal Behav, 2009. 4(2): p. 113-5 [PMID:19649184] Jang S,Torti S,Coupland G Genetic and spatial interactions between FT, TSF and SVP during the early stages of floral induction in Arabidopsis. Plant J., 2009. 60(4): p. 614-25 [PMID:19656342] Gregis V,Sessa A,Dorca-Fornell C,Kater MM The Arabidopsis floral meristem identity genes AP1, AGL24 and SVP directly repress class B and C floral homeotic genes. Plant J., 2009. 60(4): p. 626-37 [PMID:19656343] Yant L,Mathieu J,Schmid M Just say no: floral repressors help Arabidopsis bide the time. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 2009. 12(5): p. 580-6 [PMID:19695946] McCullough E, et al. Photoperiod-dependent floral reversion in the natural allopolyploid Arabidopsis suecica. New Phytol., 2010. 186(1): p. 239-50 [PMID:20074092] Lee H, et al. Genetic framework for flowering-time regulation by ambient temperature-responsive miRNAs in Arabidopsis. Nucleic Acids Res., 2010. 38(9): p. 3081-93 [PMID:20110261] Irish VF The flowering of Arabidopsis flower development. Plant J., 2010. 61(6): p. 1014-28 [PMID:20409275] Li ZM, et al. PtSVP, an SVP homolog from trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.), shows seasonal periodicity of meristem determination and affects flower development in transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plants. Plant Mol. Biol., 2010. 74(1-2): p. 129-42 [PMID:20602150] Pazhouhandeh M,Molinier J,Berr A,Genschik P MSI4/FVE interacts with CUL4-DDB1 and a PRC2-like complex to control epigenetic regulation of flowering time in Arabidopsis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2011. 108(8): p. 3430-5 [PMID:21282611] Nefissi R, et al. Double loss-of-function mutation in EARLY FLOWERING 3 and CRYPTOCHROME 2 genes delays flowering under continuous light but accelerates it under long days and short days: an important role for Arabidopsis CRY2 to accelerate flowering time in continuous light. J. Exp. Bot., 2011. 62(8): p. 2731-44 [PMID:21296763] Shen L,Kang YG,Liu L,Yu H The J-domain protein J3 mediates the integration of flowering signals in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2011. 23(2): p. 499-514 [PMID:21343416] Yamane H, et al. Expressional regulation of PpDAM5 and PpDAM6, peach (Prunus persica) dormancy-associated MADS-box genes, by low temperature and dormancy-breaking reagent treatment. J. Exp. Bot., 2011. 62(10): p. 3481-8 [PMID:21378115] Shen L,Yu H J3 regulation of flowering time is mainly contributed by its activity in leaves. Plant Signal Behav, 2011. 6(4): p. 601-3 [PMID:21494090] Sawa M,Kay SA GIGANTEA directly activates Flowering Locus T in Arabidopsis thaliana. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2011. 108(28): p. 11698-703 [PMID:21709243] Miyata K,Calvi Suppression of late-flowering and semi-dwarf phenotypes in the Arabidopsis clock mutant lhy-12;cca1-101 by phyB under continuous light. Plant Signal Behav, 2011. 6(8): p. 1162-71 [PMID:21822060] Grandi V,Gregis V,Kater MM Uncovering genetic and molecular interactions among floral meristem identity genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J., 2012. 69(5): p. 881-93 [PMID:22040363] Wu RM, et al. Conservation and divergence of four kiwifruit SVP-like MADS-box genes suggest distinct roles in kiwifruit bud dormancy and flowering. J. Exp. Bot., 2012. 63(2): p. 797-807 [PMID:22071267] Tao Z, et al. Genome-wide identification of SOC1 and SVP targets during the floral transition in Arabidopsis. Plant J., 2012. 70(4): p. 549-61 [PMID:22268548] Severing EI, et al. Predicting the impact of alternative splicing on plant MADS domain protein function. PLoS ONE, 2012. 7(1): p. e30524 [PMID:22295091] Lee JH,Park SH,Ahn JH Functional conservation and diversification between rice OsMADS22/OsMADS55 and Arabidopsis SVP proteins. Plant Sci., 2012. 185-186: p. 97-104 [PMID:22325870] Thouet J,Quinet M,Lutts S,Kinet JM,P Repression of floral meristem fate is crucial in shaping tomato inflorescence. PLoS ONE, 2012. 7(2): p. e31096 [PMID:22347436] Kim JJ, et al. The microRNA156-SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE3 module regulates ambient temperature-responsive flowering via FLOWERING LOCUS T in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 2012. 159(1): p. 461-78 [PMID:22427344] Cho HJ, et al. SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) protein negatively regulates miR172 transcription via direct binding to the pri-miR172a promoter in Arabidopsis. FEBS Lett., 2012. 586(16): p. 2332-7 [PMID:22659182] Jung CH,Wong CE,Singh MB,Bhalla PL Comparative genomic analysis of soybean flowering genes. PLoS ONE, 2012. 7(6): p. e38250 [PMID:22679494] Cohen O,Borovsky Y,David-Schwartz R,Paran I CaJOINTLESS is a MADS-box gene involved in suppression of vegetative growth in all shoot meristems in pepper. J. Exp. Bot., 2012. 63(13): p. 4947-57 [PMID:22859675] Simonini S, et al. Basic pentacysteine proteins mediate MADS domain complex binding to the DNA for tissue-specific expression of target genes in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2012. 24(10): p. 4163-72 [PMID:23054472] M The flowering repressor SVP underlies a novel Arabidopsis thaliana QTL interacting with the genetic background. PLoS Genet., 2013. 9(1): p. e1003289 [PMID:23382706] Liu C, et al. A conserved genetic pathway determines inflorescence architecture in Arabidopsis and rice. Dev. Cell, 2013. 24(6): p. 612-22 [PMID:23537632] Riboni M,Galbiati M,Tonelli C,Conti L GIGANTEA enables drought escape response via abscisic acid-dependent activation of the florigens and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS. Plant Physiol., 2013. 162(3): p. 1706-19 [PMID:23719890] Gregis V, et al. Identification of pathways directly regulated by SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE during vegetative and reproductive development in Arabidopsis. Genome Biol., 2013. 14(6): p. R56 [PMID:23759218] Ramamoorthy R,Phua EE,Lim SH,Tan HT,Kumar PP Identification and characterization of RcMADS1, an AGL24 ortholog from the holoparasitic plant Rafflesia cantleyi Solms-Laubach (Rafflesiaceae). PLoS ONE, 2013. 8(6): p. e67243 [PMID:23840638] Lee JH, et al. Regulation of temperature-responsive flowering by MADS-box transcription factor repressors. Science, 2013. 342(6158): p. 628-32 [PMID:24030492] Jaudal M, et al. Overexpression of Medicago SVP genes causes floral defects and delayed flowering in Arabidopsis but only affects floral development in Medicago. J. Exp. Bot., 2014. 65(2): p. 429-42 [PMID:24249713] Balanz Sequential action of FRUITFULL as a modulator of the activity of the floral regulators SVP and SOC1. J. Exp. Bot., 2014. 65(4): p. 1193-203 [PMID:24465009] Hwan Lee J,Sook Chung K,Kim SK,Ahn JH Post-translational regulation of short vegetative phase as a major mechanism for thermoregulation of flowering. Plant Signal Behav, 2014. 9(3): p. e28193 [PMID:24614351] Hu JY, et al. miR824-Regulated AGAMOUS-LIKE16 Contributes to Flowering Time Repression in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2014. 26(5): p. 2024-2037 [PMID:24876250] Müller-Xing R,Clarenz O,Pokorny L,Goodrich J,Schubert D Polycomb-Group Proteins and FLOWERING LOCUS T Maintain Commitment to Flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell, 2014. 26(6): p. 2457-2471 [PMID:24920331] Fernandez DE, et al. The MADS-Domain Factors AGAMOUS-LIKE15 and AGAMOUS-LIKE18, along with SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE and AGAMOUS-LIKE24, Are Necessary to Block Floral Gene Expression during the Vegetative Phase. Plant Physiol., 2014. 165(4): p. 1591-1603 [PMID:24948837] Andr SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE reduces gibberellin biosynthesis at the Arabidopsis shoot apex to regulate the floral transition. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2014. 111(26): p. E2760-9 [PMID:24979809] Yan Y, et al. A MYB-domain protein EFM mediates flowering responses to environmental cues in Arabidopsis. Dev. Cell, 2014. 30(4): p. 437-48 [PMID:25132385] Li C, et al. The Arabidopsis SWI2/SNF2 chromatin Remodeler BRAHMA regulates polycomb function during vegetative development and directly activates the flowering repressor gene SVP. PLoS Genet., 2015. 11(1): p. e1004944 [PMID:25615622] Jin J, et al. An Arabidopsis Transcriptional Regulatory Map Reveals Distinct Functional and Evolutionary Features of Novel Transcription Factors. Mol. Biol. Evol., 2015. 32(7): p. 1767-73 [PMID:25750178] Hwan Lee J,Sook Chung K,Kim SK,Ahn JH Post-translational regulation of SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE as a major mechanism for thermoregulation of flowering. Plant Signal Behav, 2014. 9(4): p. e28193 [PMID:25764420] Chen Z, et al. Overexpression of AtAP1M3 regulates flowering time and floral development in Arabidopsis and effects key flowering-related genes in poplar. Transgenic Res., 2015. 24(4): p. 705-15 [PMID:25820621] Wells CE,Vendramin E,Jimenez Tarodo S,Verde I,Bielenberg DG A genome-wide analysis of MADS-box genes in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]. BMC Plant Biol., 2015. 15: p. 41 [PMID:25848674] Mateos JL, et al. Combinatorial activities of SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE and FLOWERING LOCUS C define distinct modes of flowering regulation in Arabidopsis. Genome Biol., 2015. 16: p. 31 [PMID:25853185] Müller-Xing R,Schubert D,Goodrich J Non-inductive conditions expose the cryptic bract of flower phytomeres in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Signal Behav, 2015. 10(4): p. e1010868 [PMID:25924005] Yang CY, et al. MicroRNA396-Targeted SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE Is Required to Repress Flowering and Is Related to the Development of Abnormal Flower Symptoms by the Phyllody Symptoms1 Effector. Plant Physiol., 2015. 168(4): p. 1702-16 [PMID:26103992] Marín-González E, et al. SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE Up-Regulates TEMPRANILLO2 Floral Repressor at Low Ambient Temperatures. Plant Physiol., 2015. 169(2): p. 1214-24 [PMID:26243615] Bechtold U, et al. Time-Series Transcriptomics Reveals That AGAMOUS-LIKE22 Affects Primary Metabolism and Developmental Processes in Drought-Stressed Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2016. 28(2): p. 345-66 [PMID:26842464] Fernández V,Takahashi Y,Le Gourrierec J,Coupland G Photoperiodic and thermosensory pathways interact through CONSTANS to promote flowering at high temperature under short days. Plant J., 2016. 86(5): p. 426-40 [PMID:27117775] Wilson DC,Kempthorne CJ,Carella P,Liscombe DK,Cameron RK Age-Related Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana Involves the MADS-Domain Transcription Factor SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE and Direct Action of Salicylic Acid on Pseudomonas syringae. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact., 2017. 30(11): p. 919-929 [PMID:28812948] Zou YP, et al. Adaptation of Arabidopsis thaliana to the Yangtze River basin. Genome Biol., 2017. 18(1): p. 239 [PMID:29284515] Liu X,Sun Z,Dong W,Wang Z,Zhang L Expansion and Functional Divergence of the SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) Genes in Eudicots. Genome Biol Evol, 2018. 10(11): p. 3026-3037 [PMID:30364940] Richter R, et al. Floral regulators FLC and SOC1 directly regulate expression of the B3-type transcription factor TARGET OF FLC AND SVP 1 at the Arabidopsis shoot apex via antagonistic chromatin modifications. PLoS Genet., 2019. 15(4): p. e1008065 [PMID:30946745]