PlantTFDB
PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0
Plant Transcription Factor Database
Transcription Factor Information
Basic Information | Signature Domain | Sequence | 
Basic Information? help Back to Top
TF ID AT1G59640.1
Common NameBPE, BPEp, BPEub, ZCW32
Organism
Taxonomic ID
Taxonomic Lineage
cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Family bHLH
Protein Properties Length: 264aa    MW: 29178.6 Da    PI: 5.4825
Description BIG PETAL P
Gene Model
Gene Model ID Type Source Coding Sequence
AT1G59640.1genomeTAIRView CDS
Signature Domain? help Back to Top
Signature Domain
No. Domain Score E-value Start End HMM Start HMM End
1HLH33.38.6e-11146193455
                  HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHCTSCCC...TTS-STCHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CS
          HLH   4 ahnerErrRRdriNsafeeLrellPkaskapskKlsKaeiLekAveYIksLq 55 
                  +h+ +Er RR++i +++  L++l+P +    +k   Ka +L + ++YI+sLq
  AT1G59640.1 146 SHSLAERARREKISERMKILQDLVPGC----NKVIGKALVLDEIINYIQSLQ 193
                  8*************************9....677*****************9 PP

Protein Features ? help Back to Top
3D Structure
Database Entry ID E-value Start End InterPro ID Description
CDDcd000834.14E-10140197No hitNo description
SuperFamilySSF474595.89E-18140211IPR011598Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
PROSITE profilePS5088815.828142192IPR011598Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
Gene3DG3DSA:4.10.280.104.0E-18142210IPR011598Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
PfamPF000103.7E-8146193IPR011598Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
SMARTSM003531.0E-10148198IPR011598Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain
Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term GO Category GO Description
GO:0006355Biological Processregulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0048446Biological Processpetal morphogenesis
GO:0005634Cellular Componentnucleus
GO:0003677Molecular FunctionDNA binding
GO:0003700Molecular Functiontranscription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0046983Molecular Functionprotein dimerization activity
Plant Ontology ? help Back to Top
PO Term PO Category PO Description
PO:0000037anatomyshoot apex
PO:0000293anatomyguard cell
PO:0009009anatomyplant embryo
PO:0009010anatomyseed
PO:0009025anatomyvascular leaf
PO:0009029anatomystamen
PO:0009030anatomycarpel
PO:0009031anatomysepal
PO:0009032anatomypetal
PO:0009046anatomyflower
PO:0009047anatomystem
PO:0009052anatomyflower pedicel
PO:0025022anatomycollective leaf structure
PO:0025281anatomypollen
PO:0001078developmental stageplant embryo cotyledonary stage
PO:0001081developmental stagemature plant embryo stage
PO:0001185developmental stageplant embryo globular stage
PO:0004507developmental stageplant embryo bilateral stage
PO:0007611developmental stagepetal differentiation and expansion stage
PO:0007616developmental stageflowering stage
Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence    Length: 264 aa     Download sequence    Send to blast
MDPSGMMNEG GPFNLAEIWQ FPLNGVSTAG DSSRRSFVGP NQFGDADLTT AANGDPARMS  60
HALSQAVIEG ISGAWKRRED ESKSAKIVST IGASEGENKR QKIDEVCDGK AEAESLGTET  120
EQKKQQMEPT KDYIHVRARR GQATDSHSLA ERARREKISE RMKILQDLVP GCNKVIGKAL  180
VLDEIINYIQ SLQRQVEFLS MKLEAVNSRM NPGIEVFPPK EFGQQAFENP EIQFGSQSTR  240
EYSRGASPEW LHMQIGSGGF ERTS
Expression -- UniGene ? help Back to Top
UniGene ID E-value Expressed in
At.4550.0floral meristem| flower
Expression -- Microarray ? help Back to Top
Source ID E-value
GEO1453614890.0
Genevisible262073_at0.0
Expression AtlasAT1G59640-
AtGenExpressAT1G59640-
ATTED-IIAT1G59640-
Expression -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source Description
UniprotTISSUE SPECIFICITY: Isoform 1 is specifically expressed in flowers, mostly in petals, inflorescence and flower buds. Isoform 2 is expressed ubiquitously (leaves, flowers and stems). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16902407}.
Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source Description
TAIRA basic helix-loop-helix encoding gene (BIGPETAL, BPE) involved in the control of petal size. BPE is expressed via two mRNAs derived from an alternative splicing event. The BPEub (AT1G59640.1)transcript is expressed ubiquitously, whereas the BPEp (AT1G59640.2) transcript is preferentially expressed in petals. Plants that lack the petal-expressed variant BPEp have larger petals as a result of increased cell size. BPEp is positively regulated downstream of APETALA3, PISTILLATA, APETALA1 and PISTILLATA3 and is negatively regulated downstream of AGAMOUS.
UniProtInvolved in the control of petal size, by interfering with postmitotic cell expansion to limit final petal cell size. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16902407}.
Function -- GeneRIF ? help Back to Top
  1. BIGPETALp (BPEp)acts downstream of petal organ identity genes and regulates the size of A. thaliana petals by restricting cell expansion. [BIGPETAL] [BPE]
    [PMID: 16902407]
  2. BPEp acts downstream of OPR3 in the jasmonate biosynthesis pathway. Jasmonate regulates BPEp expression at the post-transcriptional level.
    [PMID: 19765234]
  3. The physical and genetic interactions between BPEp and ARF8 suggest that BPEp function likely affects auxin-mediated gene responses.
    [PMID: 21421811]
Binding Motif ? help Back to Top
Motif ID Method Source Motif file
MP00207DAP27203113Download
Motif logo
Cis-element ? help Back to Top
SourceLink
PlantRegMapAT1G59640.1
Regulation -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source Description
UniProtINDUCTION: Isoform 1 is up-regulated by PI/AP3, SEP2, SEP3 and AP1, but repressed by AG. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16902407}.
Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source Upstream Regulator Target Gene
PlantRegMapRetrieveRetrieve
Phenotype -- Mutation ? help Back to Top
Source ID
T-DNA ExpressAT1G59640
Annotation -- Nucleotide ? help Back to Top
Source Hit ID E-value Description
GenBankAM2697530.0AM269753.1 Arabidopsis thaliana mRNA for basic helix loop helix protein (bpe gene), BPE normal splice form.
Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source Hit ID E-value Description
RefseqNP_564749.10.0transcription factor BIG PETAL P (BPE)
SwissprotQ0JXE71e-164BPE_ARATH; Transcription factor BPE
TrEMBLA0A178WHK30.0A0A178WHK3_ARATH; ZCW32
STRINGscaffold_200689.10.0(Arabidopsis lyrata)
Publications ? help Back to Top
  1. Riechmann JL, et al.
    Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes.
    Science, 2000. 290(5499): p. 2105-10
    [PMID:11118137]
  2. Heim MA, et al.
    The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor family in plants: a genome-wide study of protein structure and functional diversity.
    Mol. Biol. Evol., 2003. 20(5): p. 735-47
    [PMID:12679534]
  3. Toledo-Ortiz G,Huq E,Quail PH
    The Arabidopsis basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor family.
    Plant Cell, 2003. 15(8): p. 1749-70
    [PMID:12897250]
  4. Bailey PC, et al.
    Update on the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant Cell, 2003. 15(11): p. 2497-502
    [PMID:14600211]
  5. Truman W,de Zabala MT,Grant M
    Type III effectors orchestrate a complex interplay between transcriptional networks to modify basal defence responses during pathogenesis and resistance.
    Plant J., 2006. 46(1): p. 14-33
    [PMID:16553893]
  6. Mandaokar A, et al.
    Transcriptional regulators of stamen development in Arabidopsis identified by transcriptional profiling.
    Plant J., 2006. 46(6): p. 984-1008
    [PMID:16805732]
  7. Szécsi J, et al.
    BIGPETALp, a bHLH transcription factor is involved in the control of Arabidopsis petal size.
    EMBO J., 2006. 25(16): p. 3912-20
    [PMID:16902407]
  8. Cao D,Cheng H,Wu W,Soo HM,Peng J
    Gibberellin mobilizes distinct DELLA-dependent transcriptomes to regulate seed germination and floral development in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Physiol., 2006. 142(2): p. 509-25
    [PMID:16920880]
  9. Lee J, et al.
    Analysis of transcription factor HY5 genomic binding sites revealed its hierarchical role in light regulation of development.
    Plant Cell, 2007. 19(3): p. 731-49
    [PMID:17337630]
  10. Catala R, et al.
    The Arabidopsis E3 SUMO ligase SIZ1 regulates plant growth and drought responses.
    Plant Cell, 2007. 19(9): p. 2952-66
    [PMID:17905899]
  11. Delgado-Benarroch L,Causier B,Weiss J,Egea-Cortines M
    FORMOSA controls cell division and expansion during floral development in Antirrhinum majus.
    Planta, 2009. 229(6): p. 1219-29
    [PMID:19271234]
  12. Brioudes F, et al.
    Jasmonate controls late development stages of petal growth in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant J., 2009. 60(6): p. 1070-80
    [PMID:19765234]
  13. Varaud E, et al.
    AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR8 regulates Arabidopsis petal growth by interacting with the bHLH transcription factor BIGPETALp.
    Plant Cell, 2011. 23(3): p. 973-83
    [PMID:21421811]
  14. Arabidopsis Interactome Mapping Consortium
    Evidence for network evolution in an Arabidopsis interactome map.
    Science, 2011. 333(6042): p. 601-7
    [PMID:21798944]
  15. Ding Y, et al.
    Four distinct types of dehydration stress memory genes in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    BMC Plant Biol., 2013. 13: p. 229
    [PMID:24377444]