PlantTFDB - Plant Transcription Factor Database @ CBI, PKU

PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0

Plant Transcription Factor Database

Transcription Factor Information

Basic Information | Signature Domain | Sequence |

Basic Information? help Back to Top

TF ID

AT1G21970.1

Common Name

AtLEC1, EMB212, EMB 212, LEC1, NFYB9, NF-YB9, T26F17.20

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana

Taxonomic ID

3702

Taxonomic Lineage

cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis

Family

NF-YB

Protein Properties

Length: 238aa MW: 26070 Da PI: 5.9417

Description

NF-YB family protein

Gene Model

Gene Model ID	Type	Source	Coding Sequence
AT1G21970.1	genome	TAIR	View CDS

Signature Domain? help Back to Top

No.	Domain	Score	E-value	Start	End	HMM Start	HMM End
1	NF-YB	171.8	7.7e-54	58	153	2	97
NF-YB 2 reqdrflPianvsrimkkvlPanakiskdaketvqecvsefisfvtseasdkcqrekrktingddllwalatlGfedyveplkvylkkyrelegek 97 reqd+++Pianv+rim+k+lP++akis+daket+qecvse+isfvt+ea+++cqre+rkti+++d+lwa+++lGf++yv+pl+v++++yre+e+++ AT1G21970.1 58 REQDQYMPIANVIRIMRKTLPSHAKISDDAKETIQECVSEYISFVTGEANERCQREQRKTITAEDILWAMSKLGFDNYVDPLTVFINRYREIETDR 153 89*******************************************************************************************997 PP

Protein Features ? help Back to Top

Database	Entry ID	E-value	Start	End	InterPro ID	Description
Gene3D	G3DSA:1.10.20.10	1.1E-47	51	156	IPR009072	Histone-fold
SuperFamily	SSF47113	8.23E-37	60	159	IPR009072	Histone-fold
Pfam	PF00808	1.8E-26	63	127	IPR003958	Transcription factor CBF/NF-Y/archaeal histone domain
PRINTS	PR00615	3.0E-16	91	109	No hit	No description
PROSITE pattern	PS00685	0	94	110	IPR003956	Transcription factor, NFYB/HAP3, conserved site
PRINTS	PR00615	3.0E-16	110	128	No hit	No description
PRINTS	PR00615	3.0E-16	129	147	No hit	No description

Gene Ontology ? help Back to Top
GO Term	GO Category	GO Description
GO:0009738	Biological Process	abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway
GO:0009785	Biological Process	blue light signaling pathway
GO:0010262	Biological Process	somatic embryogenesis
GO:0045723	Biological Process	positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process
GO:0045893	Biological Process	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0005634	Cellular Component	nucleus
GO:0003700	Molecular Function	transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0005515	Molecular Function	protein binding
GO:0043565	Molecular Function	sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0046982	Molecular Function	protein heterodimerization activity

Plant Ontology ? help Back to Top
PO Term	PO Category	PO Description
PO:0000011	anatomy	cultured somatic plant embryo
PO:0009010	anatomy	seed
PO:0009089	anatomy	endosperm
PO:0001078	developmental stage	plant embryo cotyledonary stage
PO:0001180	developmental stage	plant proembryo stage
PO:0001185	developmental stage	plant embryo globular stage
PO:0004507	developmental stage	plant embryo bilateral stage

Sequence ? help Back to Top
Protein Sequence Length: 238 aa Download sequence Send to blast
MERGAPFSHY QLPKSISELN LDQHSNNPTP MTSSVVVAGA GDKNNGIVVQ QQPPCVAREQ 60 DQYMPIANVI RIMRKTLPSH AKISDDAKET IQECVSEYIS FVTGEANERC QREQRKTITA 120 EDILWAMSKL GFDNYVDPLT VFINRYREIE TDRGSALRGE PPSLRQTYGG NGIGFHGPSH 180 GLPPPGPYGY GMLDQSMVMG GGRYYQNGSS GQDESSVGGG SSSSINGMPA FDHYGQYK

3D Structure ? help Back to Top

PDB ID	Evalue	Query Start	Query End	Hit Start	Hit End	Description
5g49_A	5e-56	57	148	6	97	NUCLEAR TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR Y SUBUNIT B-6
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Expression -- UniGene ? help Back to Top
UniGene ID	E-value	Expressed in
At.28011	0.0	silique

Expression -- Microarray ? help Back to Top
Source	ID	E-value
GEO	145335990	0.0
Genevisible	260854_at	0.0
Expression Atlas	AT1G21970	-
AtGenExpress	AT1G21970	-
ATTED-II	AT1G21970	-

Expression -- Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
Uniprot	DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Accumulates during seed development in embryo cell types and in endosperm tissue. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9657152}.
Uniprot	TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in green siliques. Present in etiolated seedlings. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11250072, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17322342}.

Functional Description ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
TAIR	Transcriptional activator of genes required for both embryo maturation and cellular differentiation. Sequence is similar to HAP3 subunit of the CCAAT-box binding factor. HAP3 subunit is divided into three domains: an amino-terminal A domain, a central B domain, and a carboxyl-terminal C domain. LEC1 shared high similarity with other HAP3 homologs only in central, B domain. LEC1 is required for the specification of cotyledon identity and the completion of embryo maturation. It was sufficient to induce embryogenic programs in vegetative cells, suggesting that LEC1 is a major embryonic regulator that mediates the switch between embryo and vegetative development. Mutants are desiccation intolerant, have trichomes on cotyledons and exhibit precocious meristem activation. Levels of the ABI3 and FUS3 transcripts were significantly reduced in developing siliques of the lec1-1 mutants, indicating that LEC1 down-regulates FUS3 and ABI3.When LEC1 is overexpressed from an inducible promoter, the expression of numerous genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis is increased suggesting a role in positive regulation of FA biosynthesis.
UniProt	Component of the NF-Y/HAP transcription factor complex. The NF-Y complex stimulates the transcription of various genes by recognizing and binding to a CCAAT motif in promoters. Acts as a central regulator of the embryogenesis. Required for the speciation of cotyledon identity and the completion of embryo maturation. Controls seed storage protein genes through the regulation of FUS3 and ABI3. Involved in the blue light (BL) and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12578989, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15695450, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17322342, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9657152}.

Function -- GeneRIF ? help Back to Top
We suggest that LEC1 controls the expression of the SSP genes in a hierarchical manner, which involves ABI3 and FUS3. [PMID: 15695450] Cultures of the lec mutants formed somatic embryos at a low frequency. Moreover, somatic embryos were formed from callus tissue through an indirect route. [PMID: 16034595] A study of the network of transcription factors that regulates gene expression in A. thaliana is described and discussed. [PMID: 17158584] LEC1 positively regulates fatty acid biosynthesis genes. Genes involved in glycolysis and lipid accumulation are also up-regulated. [PMID: 18689444] LEC1 and LEC1-LIKE activate the CRC and SUCROSE SYNTHASE 2 (SUS2) promoters in combination with an NF-YC subunit through the interaction with a seed-specific ABA-response element (ABRE) binding bZIP factor, bZIP67. [PMID: 19207209] LEC1 appears to be an integrator of various regulatory events, involving the transcription factor itself as well as light and hormone signalling, especially during somatic and early zygotic embryogenesis. [PMID: 22429691] Data confirms LEC1's known participation in the regulation of somatic embryogenesis, but also indicates additional roles in embryonic and extra-embryonic cell elongation [PMID: 23073004] NUCLEAR FACTOR Y transcription factors have both opposing and additive roles in abscisic acid-mediated seed germination. [PMID: 23527203] NUCLEAR FACTOR Y (NF-Y) binds a CCAAT box in the distal enhancer element and that CCAAT disruption dramatically reduces FT promoter activity [PMID: 24610724] In addition to VAL B3 factors, epigenetic mechanisms are implicated in maintaining repression of LEC1/AFL (LAFL)network during vegetative development [PMID: 24902838] LEC1 acts as a coactivator of PIFs in transcriptional regulation during postembryonic growth. [PMID: 26566918] LEC1, LEC2 , and FUSCA3 transcripts are candidate targets of VAL1, acting through epigenetic and/or transcriptional repression. [PMID: 26678037] results show that LEC1 controls distinct gene sets at different developmental stages, including those that mediate the temporal transition between photosynthesis and chloroplast biogenesis early in seed development and seed maturation late in development. [PMID: 28739919] the seed-specific transcription factor LEAFY COTYLEDON1 promotes the initial establishment of an active chromatin state at FLC and activates its expression de novo in the pro-embryo, thus reversing the silenced state inherited from gametes; this active chromatin state is passed on from the pro-embryo to post-embryonic life, and leads to transmission of the embryonic memory of FLC activation to post-embryonic stages [PMID: 29072296] the mutations of key amino acids for the function of LEC1 in planta (D86K) prevented the interaction with LEC2. These results provide molecular evidences for the binding of LEC1 to B2-domain containing transcription factors, to form heteromers, involved in the control of gene expression. [PMID: 29580949] Lec1 role in late embryogenesis of Arabidopsis and gibberellins signaling. [PMID: 29725104]

Cis-element ? help Back to Top
Source	Link
PlantRegMap	AT1G21970.1

Regulation -- PlantRegMap ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator	Target Gene
PlantRegMap	Retrieve	Retrieve

Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Upstream Regulators) ? help Back to Top
Source	Upstream Regulator (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM	AT1G54060 (R), AT2G17950 (R), AT3G27785 (A), AT5G40360 (A)

Regulation -- ATRM (Manually Curated Target Genes) ? help Back to Top
Source	Target Gene (A: Activate/R: Repress)
ATRM	AT1G06180(R), AT1G28300(A), AT1G62290(A), AT2G17090(A), AT2G36270(A), AT2G41260(A), AT3G24650(A), AT3G26790(A), AT3G51810(R), AT3G54320(A), AT4G27160(A), AT5G66400(A)

Regulation -- Hormone ? help Back to Top
Source	Hormone
AHD	abscisic acid

Interaction ? help Back to Top
Source	Intact With
BioGRID	AT1G54830, AT1G56170
IntAct	Search Q9SFD8

Phenotype -- Disruption Phenotype ? help Back to Top
Source	Description
UniProt	DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Altered response to blue light (BL) and abscisic acid (ABA). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17322342}.

Phenotype -- Mutation ? help Back to Top
Source	ID
T-DNA Express	AT1G21970

Annotation -- Nucleotide ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
GenBank	AB493474	0.0	AB493474.1 Arabidopsis thaliana At1g21970 mRNA for hypothetical protein, partial cds, clone: RAAt1g21970.

Annotation -- Protein ? help Back to Top
Source	Hit ID	E-value	Description
Refseq	NP_173616.2	1e-178	Histone superfamily protein
Swissprot	Q9SFD8	1e-179	NFYB9_ARATH; Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit B-9
TrEMBL	A0A178WCR4	1e-177	A0A178WCR4_ARATH; NF-YB9
STRING	AT1G21970.1	1e-178	(Arabidopsis thaliana)

Orthologous Group ? help Back to Top
Lineage	Orthologous Group ID	Taxa Number	Gene Number
Malvids	OGEM8042	26	40
Representative plant	OGRP168	17	170

Link Out ? help Back to Top
Phytozome	AT1G21970.1
Entrez Gene	838800
iHOP	AT1G21970
wikigenes	AT1G21970

Publications ? help Back to Top
Wobus U,Weber H Seed maturation: genetic programmes and control signals. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 1999. 2(1): p. 33-8 [PMID:10047566] Ogas J,Kaufmann S,Henderson J,Somerville C PICKLE is a CHD3 chromatin-remodeling factor that regulates the transition from embryonic to vegetative development in Arabidopsis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 1999. 96(24): p. 13839-44 [PMID:10570159] Rohde A, et al. ABI3 affects plastid differentiation in dark-grown Arabidopsis seedlings. Plant Cell, 2000. 12(1): p. 35-52 [PMID:10634906] Kurup S,Jones HD,Holdsworth MJ Interactions of the developmental regulator ABI3 with proteins identified from developing Arabidopsis seeds. Plant J., 2000. 21(2): p. 143-55 [PMID:10743655] Wehmeyer N,Vierling E The expression of small heat shock proteins in seeds responds to discrete developmental signals and suggests a general protective role in desiccation tolerance. Plant Physiol., 2000. 122(4): p. 1099-108 [PMID:10759505] Tsukaya H,Shoda K,Kim GT,Uchimiya H Heteroblasty in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Planta, 2000. 210(4): p. 536-42 [PMID:10787046] Vicient CM,Bies-Etheve N,Delseny M Changes in gene expression in the leafy cotyledon1 (lec1) and fusca3 (fus3) mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana L. J. Exp. Bot., 2000. 51(347): p. 995-1003 [PMID:10948227] Riechmann JL, et al. Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes. Science, 2000. 290(5499): p. 2105-10 [PMID:11118137] Gusmaroli G,Tonelli C,Mantovani R Regulation of the CCAAT-Binding NF-Y subunits in Arabidopsis thaliana. Gene, 2001. 264(2): p. 173-85 [PMID:11250072] Hong SW,Vierling E Hsp101 is necessary for heat tolerance but dispensable for development and germination in the absence of stress. Plant J., 2001. 27(1): p. 25-35 [PMID:11489180] Gusmaroli G,Tonelli C,Mantovani R Regulation of novel members of the Arabidopsis thaliana CCAAT-binding nuclear factor Y subunits. Gene, 2002. 283(1-2): p. 41-8 [PMID:11867211] Zuo J,Niu QW,Frugis G,Chua NH The WUSCHEL gene promotes vegetative-to-embryonic transition in Arabidopsis. Plant J., 2002. 30(3): p. 349-59 [PMID:12000682] Zhang S,Wong L,Meng L,Lemaux PG Similarity of expression patterns of knotted1 and ZmLEC1 during somatic and zygotic embryogenesis in maize ( Zea mays L.). Planta, 2002. 215(2): p. 191-4 [PMID:12029467] Finkelstein RR,Gampala SS,Rock CD Abscisic acid signaling in seeds and seedlings. Plant Cell, 2002. 14 Suppl: p. S15-45 [PMID:12045268] West M, et al. LEAFY COTYLEDON1 Is an Essential Regulator of Late Embryogenesis and Cotyledon Identity in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 1994. 6(12): p. 1731-1745 [PMID:12244233] Meinke DW,Franzmann LH,Nickle TC,Yeung EC Leafy Cotyledon Mutants of Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 1994. 6(8): p. 1049-1064 [PMID:12244265] Kwong RW, et al. LEAFY COTYLEDON1-LIKE defines a class of regulators essential for embryo development. Plant Cell, 2003. 15(1): p. 5-18 [PMID:12509518] Brocard-Gifford IM,Lynch TJ,Finkelstein RR Regulatory networks in seeds integrating developmental, abscisic acid, sugar, and light signaling. Plant Physiol., 2003. 131(1): p. 78-92 [PMID:12529517] Lee H,Fischer RL,Goldberg RB,Harada JJ Arabidopsis LEAFY COTYLEDON1 represents a functionally specialized subunit of the CCAAT binding transcription factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2003. 100(4): p. 2152-6 [PMID:12578989] Dean Rider S, et al. Coordinate repression of regulators of embryonic identity by PICKLE during germination in Arabidopsis. Plant J., 2003. 35(1): p. 33-43 [PMID:12834400] Baumbusch LO,Hughes DW,Galau GA,Jakobsen KS LEC1, FUS3, ABI3 and Em expression reveals no correlation with dormancy in Arabidopsis. J. Exp. Bot., 2004. 55(394): p. 77-87 [PMID:14676287] Castelli V, et al. Whole genome sequence comparisons and "full-length" cDNA sequences: a combined approach to evaluate and improve Arabidopsis genome annotation. Genome Res., 2004. 14(3): p. 406-13 [PMID:14993207] Yazawa K,Takahata K,Kamada H Isolation of the gene encoding Carrot leafy cotyledon1 and expression analysis during somatic and zygotic embryogenesis. Plant Physiol. Biochem., 2004. 42(3): p. 215-23 [PMID:15051045] Kagaya Y, et al. LEAFY COTYLEDON1 controls seed storage protein genes through its regulation of FUSCA3 and ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3. Plant Cell Physiol., 2005. 46(3): p. 399-406 [PMID:15695450] Gaj MD,Zhang S,Harada JJ,Lemaux PG Leafy cotyledon genes are essential for induction of somatic embryogenesis of Arabidopsis. Planta, 2005. 222(6): p. 977-88 [PMID:16034595] Santos Mendoza M,Dubreucq B,Miquel M,Caboche M,Lepiniec L LEAFY COTYLEDON 2 activation is sufficient to trigger the accumulation of oil and seed specific mRNAs in Arabidopsis leaves. FEBS Lett., 2005. 579(21): p. 4666-70 [PMID:16107256] Fambrini M, et al. Characterization of LEAFY COTYLEDON1-LIKE gene in Helianthus annuus and its relationship with zygotic and somatic embryogenesis. Dev. Genes Evol., 2006. 216(5): p. 253-64 [PMID:16450129] Shen B,Sinkevicius KW,Selinger DA,Tarczynski MC The homeobox gene GLABRA2 affects seed oil content in Arabidopsis. Plant Mol. Biol., 2006. 60(3): p. 377-87 [PMID:16514561] To A, et al. A network of local and redundant gene regulation governs Arabidopsis seed maturation. Plant Cell, 2006. 18(7): p. 1642-51 [PMID:16731585] Casson SA,Lindsey K The turnip mutant of Arabidopsis reveals that LEAFY COTYLEDON1 expression mediates the effects of auxin and sugars to promote embryonic cell identity. Plant Physiol., 2006. 142(2): p. 526-41 [PMID:16935993] Wenkel S, et al. CONSTANS and the CCAAT box binding complex share a functionally important domain and interact to regulate flowering of Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 2006. 18(11): p. 2971-84 [PMID:17138697] Suzuki M,Wang HH,McCarty DR Repression of the LEAFY COTYLEDON 1/B3 regulatory network in plant embryo development by VP1/ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 3-LIKE B3 genes. Plant Physiol., 2007. 143(2): p. 902-11 [PMID:17158584] Cao X, et al. Abscisic acid and stress signals induce Viviparous1 expression in seed and vegetative tissues of maize. Plant Physiol., 2007. 143(2): p. 720-31 [PMID:17208960] Warpeha KM, et al. The GCR1, GPA1, PRN1, NF-Y signal chain mediates both blue light and abscisic acid responses in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 2007. 143(4): p. 1590-600 [PMID:17322342] Wang H,Guo J,Lambert KN,Lin Y Developmental control of Arabidopsis seed oil biosynthesis. Planta, 2007. 226(3): p. 773-83 [PMID:17522888] Tanaka M,Kikuchi A,Kamada H The Arabidopsis histone deacetylases HDA6 and HDA19 contribute to the repression of embryonic properties after germination. Plant Physiol., 2008. 146(1): p. 149-61 [PMID:18024558] Yazawa K,Kamada H Identification and characterization of carrot HAP factors that form a complex with the embryo-specific transcription factor C-LEC1. J. Exp. Bot., 2007. 58(13): p. 3819-28 [PMID:18057048] Alemanno L, et al. Characterization of leafy cotyledon1-like during embryogenesis in Theobroma cacao L. Planta, 2008. 227(4): p. 853-66 [PMID:18094994] Suzuki M, et al. The Maize Viviparous8 locus, encoding a putative ALTERED MERISTEM PROGRAM1-like peptidase, regulates abscisic acid accumulation and coordinates embryo and endosperm development. Plant Physiol., 2008. 146(3): p. 1193-206 [PMID:18203869] Stone SL, et al. Arabidopsis LEAFY COTYLEDON2 induces maturation traits and auxin activity: Implications for somatic embryogenesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2008. 105(8): p. 3151-6 [PMID:18287041] Santos-Mendoza M, et al. Deciphering gene regulatory networks that control seed development and maturation in Arabidopsis. Plant J., 2008. 54(4): p. 608-20 [PMID:18476867] Mu J, et al. LEAFY COTYLEDON1 is a key regulator of fatty acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 2008. 148(2): p. 1042-54 [PMID:18689444] Wang X, et al. Overexpression of PGA37/MYB118 and MYB115 promotes vegetative-to-embryonic transition in Arabidopsis. Cell Res., 2009. 19(2): p. 224-35 [PMID:18695688] Gao MJ, et al. Repression of seed maturation genes by a trihelix transcriptional repressor in Arabidopsis seedlings. Plant Cell, 2009. 21(1): p. 54-71 [PMID:19155348] Yamamoto A, et al. Arabidopsis NF-YB subunits LEC1 and LEC1-LIKE activate transcription by interacting with seed-specific ABRE-binding factors. Plant J., 2009. 58(5): p. 843-56 [PMID:19207209] Huang Y, et al. Probing the endosperm gene expression landscape in Brassica napus. BMC Genomics, 2009. 10: p. 256 [PMID:19490642] Sugliani M,Rajjou L,Clerkx EJ,Koornneef M,Soppe WJ Natural modifiers of seed longevity in the Arabidopsis mutants abscisic acid insensitive3-5 (abi3-5) and leafy cotyledon1-3 (lec1-3). New Phytol., 2009. 184(4): p. 898-908 [PMID:19754639] Le BH, et al. Global analysis of gene activity during Arabidopsis seed development and identification of seed-specific transcription factors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2010. 107(18): p. 8063-70 [PMID:20385809] Mitsuda N, et al. Efficient yeast one-/two-hybrid screening using a library composed only of transcription factors in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol., 2010. 51(12): p. 2145-51 [PMID:20980269] Yang Y,Karlson DT Overexpression of AtCSP4 affects late stages of embryo development in Arabidopsis. J. Exp. Bot., 2011. 62(6): p. 2079-91 [PMID:21282328] Tan H, et al. Enhanced seed oil production in canola by conditional expression of Brassica napus LEAFY COTYLEDON1 and LEC1-LIKE in developing seeds. Plant Physiol., 2011. 156(3): p. 1577-88 [PMID:21562329] Tang X, et al. Synergistic repression of the embryonic programme by SET DOMAIN GROUP 8 and EMBRYONIC FLOWER 2 in Arabidopsis seedlings. J. Exp. Bot., 2012. 63(3): p. 1391-404 [PMID:22162868] Hackenberg D, et al. Studies on differential nuclear translocation mechanism and assembly of the three subunits of the Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor NF-Y. Mol Plant, 2012. 5(4): p. 876-88 [PMID:22199235] Junker A, et al. Elongation-related functions of LEAFY COTYLEDON1 during the development of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J., 2012. 71(3): p. 427-42 [PMID:22429691] Zhang H,Bishop B,Ringenberg W,Muir WM,Ogas J The CHD3 remodeler PICKLE associates with genes enriched for trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27. Plant Physiol., 2012. 159(1): p. 418-32 [PMID:22452853] Calvenzani V, et al. Interactions and CCAAT-binding of Arabidopsis thaliana NF-Y subunits. PLoS ONE, 2012. 7(8): p. e42902 [PMID:22912760] Mu J,Tan H,Hong S,Liang Y,Zuo J Arabidopsis transcription factor genes NF-YA1, 5, 6, and 9 play redundant roles in male gametogenesis, embryogenesis, and seed development. Mol Plant, 2013. 6(1): p. 188-201 [PMID:22933713] Meinke DW A survey of dominant mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana. Trends Plant Sci., 2013. 18(2): p. 84-91 [PMID:22995285] Junker A,B Multifunctionality of the LEC1 transcription factor during plant development. Plant Signal Behav, 2012. 7(12): p. 1718-20 [PMID:23073004] Zhang JJ,Xue HW OsLEC1/OsHAP3E participates in the determination of meristem identity in both vegetative and reproductive developments of rice. J Integr Plant Biol, 2013. 55(3): p. 232-49 [PMID:23230849] Wang F,Perry SE Identification of direct targets of FUSCA3, a key regulator of Arabidopsis seed development. Plant Physiol., 2013. 161(3): p. 1251-64 [PMID:23314941] Li-Beisson Y, et al. Acyl-lipid metabolism. Arabidopsis Book, 2013. 11: p. e0161 [PMID:23505340] Kumimoto RW, et al. NUCLEAR FACTOR Y transcription factors have both opposing and additive roles in ABA-mediated seed germination. PLoS ONE, 2013. 8(3): p. e59481 [PMID:23527203] Kirkbride RC,Fischer RL,Harada JJ LEAFY COTYLEDON1, a key regulator of seed development, is expressed in vegetative and sexual propagules of Selaginella moellendorffii. PLoS ONE, 2013. 8(6): p. e67971 [PMID:23776713] Yang C, et al. VAL- and AtBMI1-mediated H2Aub initiate the switch from embryonic to postgerminative growth in Arabidopsis. Curr. Biol., 2013. 23(14): p. 1324-9 [PMID:23810531] Guo F, et al. Induced expression of AtLEC1 and AtLEC2 differentially promotes somatic embryogenesis in transgenic tobacco plants. 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