PlantTFDB
PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0
Plant Transcription Factor Database
Theobroma cacao
bHLH Family
Species TF ID Description
Thecc1EG000204t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000362t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000362t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000362t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000362t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000362t5bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000632t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000649t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000649t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000649t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000894t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000895t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000915t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000915t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG000997t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG001031t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG001031t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG001031t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG001031t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG001435t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG001690t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG001913t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG001913t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG001913t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG001913t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG001913t5bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG002737t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG003125t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG003125t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG003125t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG004217t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG004403t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG004433t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG004959t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG005028t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG005064t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG005131t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG005131t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG005333t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG005607t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG005607t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG005607t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG005925t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG006357t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG006602t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG006692t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG006871t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG006871t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG006871t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG006871t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG006871t5bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG006871t6bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG007083t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG007159t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG007159t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG007159t5bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG007220t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG007777t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG007802t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG008127t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG008127t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG008127t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG008405t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG010319t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG010340t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG010375t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG011413t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG011413t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG011413t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG011413t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG011433t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG011736t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG011873t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG012044t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG012362t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG013900t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG013925t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG013940t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG013940t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014141t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014141t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014141t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014141t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014392t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014392t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014392t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014729t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014729t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014729t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014729t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG014741t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG015033t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG015034t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG015035t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG015345t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG015640t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG015694t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG015714t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG016133t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG016134t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG016261t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG016261t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG016261t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG016261t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG016261t5bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG016261t6bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG016261t7bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG016519t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG017336t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG017336t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG017336t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG018476t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG018486t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG019015t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG019015t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG019015t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG019210t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG019445t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG019871t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG019871t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG019871t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG020066t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG020177t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG020177t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG020336t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG020520t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG020520t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG020787t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG020866t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG020866t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG021144t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG021641t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG024016t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG024315t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG024315t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG024828t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG024828t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG024828t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG024842t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG026346t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG026599t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG026851t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG026851t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG026851t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG026851t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG027032t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG028961t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG028961t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG029711t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG029711t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG029852t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG030051t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG030056t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG030082t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG030082t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG031118t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG031172t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG033386t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG033802t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG033802t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG033803t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG033818t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG034098t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG034439t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG034475t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG034574t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG034649t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG034649t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG034717t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG036484t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG036484t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG036484t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG036484t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG036484t5bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG037077t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG037455t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG037455t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG037645t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG037840t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG039471t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG039471t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG040564t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG040564t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG040564t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG040564t4bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG040699t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG041572t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG041572t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG041590t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG042366t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG042366t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG042475t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG042823t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG042823t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG042996t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG042999t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG045701t1bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG045701t2bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG045701t3bHLH family protein
Thecc1EG045748t1bHLH family protein
bHLH Family Introduction

The basic/helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are a superfamily of transcription factors that have been well characterized in nonplant eukaryotes, especially in mammalian systems, in which considerable structural, functional, and phylogenetic analyses have been performed. The data indicate that bHLH proteins are important regulatory components in transcriptional networks in these systems, controlling a diversity of processes from cell proliferation to cell lineage establishment.

This family is defined by the bHLH signature domain, which consists of 60 amino acids with two functionally distinct regions. The basic region, located at the N-terminal end of the domain, is involved in DNA binding and consists of 15 amino acids with a high number of basic residues. The HLH region, at the C-terminal end, functions as a dimerization domain and is constituted mainly of hydrophobic residues that form two amphipathic -helices separated by a loop region of variable sequence and length. Outside of the conserved bHLH domain, these proteins exhibit considerable sequence divergence. Cocrystal structural analysis has shown that the interaction between the HLH regions of two separate polypeptides leads to the formation of homodimers and/or heterodimers and that the basic region of each partner binds to half of the DNA recognition sequence. Some bHLH proteins form homodimers or restrict their heterodimerization activity to closely related members of the family. On the other hand, some can form heterodimers with one or several different partners.

The core DNA sequence motif recognized by the bHLH proteins is a consensus hexanucleotide sequence known as the E-box (5'-CANNTG-3'). There are different types of E-boxes, depending on the identity of the two central bases. One of the most common is the palindromic G-box (5'-CACGTG-3'). Certain conserved amino acids within the basic region of the protein provide recognition of the core consensus site, whereas other residues in the domain dictate specificity for a given type of E-box . In addition, flanking nucleotides outside of the hexanucleotide core have been shown to play a role in binding specificity, and there is evidence that a loop residue in the protein plays a role in DNA binding through elements that lie outside of the core recognition sequence.

Toledo-Ortiz G, Huq E, Quail PH.
The Arabidopsis basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor family.
Plant Cell. 2003 Aug;15(8):1749-70
PMID: 12897250