PlantTFDB
PlantRegMap/PlantTFDB v5.0
Plant Transcription Factor Database
Gossypium hirsutum
bHLH Family
Species TF ID Description
Gh_A01G0544bHLH family protein
Gh_A01G0566bHLH family protein
Gh_A01G0772bHLH family protein
Gh_A01G1034bHLH family protein
Gh_A01G1502bHLH family protein
Gh_A01G1661bHLH family protein
Gh_A01G1663bHLH family protein
Gh_A01G2041bHLH family protein
Gh_A02G0164bHLH family protein
Gh_A02G0343bHLH family protein
Gh_A02G0792bHLH family protein
Gh_A02G0958bHLH family protein
Gh_A02G1131bHLH family protein
Gh_A02G1241bHLH family protein
Gh_A02G1404bHLH family protein
Gh_A02G1414bHLH family protein
Gh_A02G1415bHLH family protein
Gh_A02G1502bHLH family protein
Gh_A02G1636bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G0010bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G0490bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G0577bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G0607bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G0837bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G0864bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G0937bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G1273bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G1436bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G1607bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G1661bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G1793bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G2155bHLH family protein
Gh_A03G2173bHLH family protein
Gh_A04G0201bHLH family protein
Gh_A04G0695bHLH family protein
Gh_A04G0803bHLH family protein
Gh_A04G0856bHLH family protein
Gh_A04G0887bHLH family protein
Gh_A04G1091bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G0019bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G0224bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G0268bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G0416bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G0559bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G0570bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G0723bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G1310bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G1422bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G1429bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G1755bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G1764bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G1820bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G1878bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G1905bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G2270bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G2273bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G2637bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G2652bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G2888bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G3639bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G3762bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G3795bHLH family protein
Gh_A05G3957bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G0057bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G0161bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G0223bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G0241bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G0553bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G0646bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G0872bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G1395bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G1396bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G1858bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G1891bHLH family protein
Gh_A06G2080bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G0112bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G0148bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G0414bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G0598bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G0629bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G0692bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G1202bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G1232bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G1552bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G1668bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G1800bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G1843bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G1964bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G2140bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G2157bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G2268bHLH family protein
Gh_A07G2286bHLH family protein
Gh_A08G0230bHLH family protein
Gh_A08G0962bHLH family protein
Gh_A08G0969bHLH family protein
Gh_A08G1091bHLH family protein
Gh_A08G1412bHLH family protein
Gh_A08G1636bHLH family protein
Gh_A08G1678bHLH family protein
Gh_A08G1880bHLH family protein
Gh_A08G2365bHLH family protein
Gh_A08G2484bHLH family protein
Gh_A08G2486bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G0075bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G0190bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G0192bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G0477bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G0522bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G0675bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G0994bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G1174bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G1177bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G1589bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G1600bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G1777bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G1863bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G1952bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G2341bHLH family protein
Gh_A09G2474bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G0164bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G0166bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G0292bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G0560bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G0730bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G0750bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G1013bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G1098bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G1164bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G1210bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G1280bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G1739bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G2158bHLH family protein
Gh_A10G2207bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0202bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0278bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0318bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0353bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0357bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0459bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0468bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0588bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0710bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0796bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0884bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0909bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G0922bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G1115bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G1120bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G1163bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G1180bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G1248bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G1301bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G1614bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G1781bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G1886bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G1894bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G1897bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G2243bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G2386bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G2494bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G2537bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G2746bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G2752bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G2808bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G2956bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G2978bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G3000bHLH family protein
Gh_A11G3067bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G0259bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G0337bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G0489bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G0596bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G0666bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G0736bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G1040bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G1276bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G1319bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G1457bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G1523bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G1560bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G1600bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G1755bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G1889bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G1893bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G2172bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G2377bHLH family protein
Gh_A12G2534bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G0192bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G0291bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G0307bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G0361bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G0389bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G0641bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G0762bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G0768bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G1001bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G1200bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G1525bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G1818bHLH family protein
Gh_A13G2128bHLH family protein
Gh_D01G0152bHLH family protein
Gh_D01G0554bHLH family protein
Gh_D01G0575bHLH family protein
Gh_D01G0798bHLH family protein
Gh_D01G0879bHLH family protein
Gh_D01G1057bHLH family protein
Gh_D01G1087bHLH family protein
Gh_D01G1748bHLH family protein
Gh_D01G1910bHLH family protein
Gh_D01G1913bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G0116bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G0205bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G0406bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G0668bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G0841bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G1179bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G1245bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G1321bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G1714bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G1895bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G1995bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G2021bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G2076bHLH family protein
Gh_D02G2226bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G0086bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G0212bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G0304bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G0305bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G0317bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G0375bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G0554bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G0792bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G0859bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G0895bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G1047bHLH family protein
Gh_D03G1849bHLH family protein
Gh_D04G0248bHLH family protein
Gh_D04G0454bHLH family protein
Gh_D04G0664bHLH family protein
Gh_D04G0689bHLH family protein
Gh_D04G1295bHLH family protein
Gh_D04G1354bHLH family protein
Gh_D04G1389bHLH family protein
Gh_D04G1696bHLH family protein
Gh_D04G1698bHLH family protein
Gh_D04G1777bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G0023bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G0247bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G0303bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G0369bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G0534bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G0688bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G0699bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G0858bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G1480bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G1534bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G1594bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G1601bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G1827bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G1949bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G1958bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G2013bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G2112bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G2140bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G2531bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G2532bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G2928bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G2954bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G3213bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G3503bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G3774bHLH family protein
Gh_D05G3821bHLH family protein
Gh_D06G0034bHLH family protein
Gh_D06G0152bHLH family protein
Gh_D06G0217bHLH family protein
Gh_D06G0273bHLH family protein
Gh_D06G0622bHLH family protein
Gh_D06G1019bHLH family protein
Gh_D06G1312bHLH family protein
Gh_D06G1384bHLH family protein
Gh_D06G1739bHLH family protein
Gh_D06G1740bHLH family protein
Gh_D06G2316bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G0072bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G0141bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G0403bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G0480bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G0665bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G0698bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G0897bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G1303bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G1340bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G1543bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G1678bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G1712bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G1955bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G2005bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G2050bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G2121bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G2183bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G2352bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G2371bHLH family protein
Gh_D07G2426bHLH family protein
Gh_D08G0317bHLH family protein
Gh_D08G0565bHLH family protein
Gh_D08G0666bHLH family protein
Gh_D08G1175bHLH family protein
Gh_D08G1185bHLH family protein
Gh_D08G1374bHLH family protein
Gh_D08G1707bHLH family protein
Gh_D08G1966bHLH family protein
Gh_D08G1998bHLH family protein
Gh_D08G2028bHLH family protein
Gh_D08G2242bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G0072bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G0180bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G0182bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G0484bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G0518bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G0684bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G0859bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G1014bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G1180bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G1183bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G1679bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G1697bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G1771bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G1895bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G1900bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G2157bHLH family protein
Gh_D09G2368bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G0179bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G0181bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G0240bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G0295bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G0600bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G0646bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G0984bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G1033bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G1206bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G1288bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G1331bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G1411bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G1533bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G1580bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G2011bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G2228bHLH family protein
Gh_D10G2406bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0045bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0213bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0306bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0327bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0328bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0332bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0373bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0411bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0415bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0530bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0543bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0675bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0826bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G0862bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1032bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1055bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1063bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1107bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1266bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1273bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1319bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1337bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1395bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1449bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1773bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1935bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G1945bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G2073bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G2074bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G2082bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G2383bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G2556bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G2701bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G2839bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G2890bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G3081bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G3162bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G3340bHLH family protein
Gh_D11G3523bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G0259bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G0328bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G0475bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G0497bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G0607bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G0670bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G1160bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G1398bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G1443bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G1583bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G1645bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G1688bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G1740bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G1906bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G2069bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G2074bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G2351bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G2505bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G2506bHLH family protein
Gh_D12G2689bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G0207bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G0330bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G0346bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G0406bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G0711bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G0759bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G0896bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G0902bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G1248bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G1496bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G1856bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G2183bHLH family protein
Gh_D13G2548bHLH family protein
Gh_Sca004901G02bHLH family protein
Gh_Sca008309G01bHLH family protein
Gh_Sca008688G01bHLH family protein
Gh_Sca014319G01bHLH family protein
Gh_Sca024466G01bHLH family protein
Gh_Sca038875G01bHLH family protein
Gh_Sca101437G01bHLH family protein
bHLH Family Introduction

The basic/helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are a superfamily of transcription factors that have been well characterized in nonplant eukaryotes, especially in mammalian systems, in which considerable structural, functional, and phylogenetic analyses have been performed. The data indicate that bHLH proteins are important regulatory components in transcriptional networks in these systems, controlling a diversity of processes from cell proliferation to cell lineage establishment.

This family is defined by the bHLH signature domain, which consists of 60 amino acids with two functionally distinct regions. The basic region, located at the N-terminal end of the domain, is involved in DNA binding and consists of 15 amino acids with a high number of basic residues. The HLH region, at the C-terminal end, functions as a dimerization domain and is constituted mainly of hydrophobic residues that form two amphipathic -helices separated by a loop region of variable sequence and length. Outside of the conserved bHLH domain, these proteins exhibit considerable sequence divergence. Cocrystal structural analysis has shown that the interaction between the HLH regions of two separate polypeptides leads to the formation of homodimers and/or heterodimers and that the basic region of each partner binds to half of the DNA recognition sequence. Some bHLH proteins form homodimers or restrict their heterodimerization activity to closely related members of the family. On the other hand, some can form heterodimers with one or several different partners.

The core DNA sequence motif recognized by the bHLH proteins is a consensus hexanucleotide sequence known as the E-box (5'-CANNTG-3'). There are different types of E-boxes, depending on the identity of the two central bases. One of the most common is the palindromic G-box (5'-CACGTG-3'). Certain conserved amino acids within the basic region of the protein provide recognition of the core consensus site, whereas other residues in the domain dictate specificity for a given type of E-box . In addition, flanking nucleotides outside of the hexanucleotide core have been shown to play a role in binding specificity, and there is evidence that a loop residue in the protein plays a role in DNA binding through elements that lie outside of the core recognition sequence.

Toledo-Ortiz G, Huq E, Quail PH.
The Arabidopsis basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor family.
Plant Cell. 2003 Aug;15(8):1749-70
PMID: 12897250